2000 Arizona Democratic Presidential Primary Internet Election
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2000 Arizona Democratic Presidential Primary Internet Election
In March 2000 the Arizona Democratic Party ran its Presidential Primary over the internet using the private company votation.com. The announcement received significant press coverage around the world, covered in virtually every country and medium as a test of whether internet voting could actually work in a statewide election. Voting Rights Act lawsuits Several attempts were made to stop the election, including a lawsuit instigated by the Virginia-based Voting Integrity Project, which claimed that Internet voting would disadvantage African Americans, Latinos, and Native Americans, all protected classes under the Voting Rights Act. The Voting Integrity Project, along with two African American and two Hispanic plaintiffs, claimed that by allowing Internet voting, minority groups, which at that time had less access to the internet, would have their collective voting power proportionately reduced. The plaintiff's sought an injunction to stop the election. The lawsuit, along with other f ...
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2000 Democratic National Convention
The 2000 Democratic National Convention was a quadrennial presidential nominating convention for the Democratic Party. The convention nominated Vice President Al Gore for president and Senator Joe Lieberman from Connecticut for vice president. The convention was held at the Staples Center (now the Crypto.com Arena) in Los Angeles, California from August 14 to August 17, 2000. Gore accepted the presidential nomination on August 17, the final night of the convention. Logistics Site selection The Democratic National Committee (DNC) initially invited 28 cities to bid for the convention. Nine cities submitted proposals, seven of which (Boston, Denver, Los Angeles, Miami, Minneapolis, New Orleans and Philadelphia) were visited by the DNC. Philadelphia withdrew its bid after being selected as the host of the 2000 Republican National Convention. Boston, Denver and Los Angeles were named as finalists. On March 15, 1999, the DNC announced Los Angeles as the site of the convention. This ...
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MIT Press
The MIT Press is a university press affiliated with the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in Cambridge, Massachusetts (United States). It was established in 1962. History The MIT Press traces its origins back to 1926 when MIT published under its own name a lecture series entitled ''Problems of Atomic Dynamics'' given by the visiting German physicist and later Nobel Prize winner, Max Born. Six years later, MIT's publishing operations were first formally instituted by the creation of an imprint called Technology Press in 1932. This imprint was founded by James R. Killian, Jr., at the time editor of MIT's alumni magazine and later to become MIT president. Technology Press published eight titles independently, then in 1937 entered into an arrangement with John Wiley & Sons in which Wiley took over marketing and editorial responsibilities. In 1962 the association with Wiley came to an end after a further 125 titles had been published. The press acquired its modern name af ...
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University Of North Carolina
The University of North Carolina is the multi-campus public university system for the state of North Carolina. Overseeing the state's 16 public universities and the NC School of Science and Mathematics, it is commonly referred to as the UNC System to differentiate it from its flagship, UNC-Chapel Hill. The university system has a total enrollment of 244,507 students as of fall 2021. UNC campuses conferred 62,930 degrees in 2020–2021, the bulk of which were at the bachelor's level, with 44,309 degrees awarded. In 2008, the UNC System conferred over 75% of all baccalaureate degrees in North Carolina. History Foundations Founded in 1789, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill is one of three schools to claim the title of oldest public university in the United States. It closed from 1871 to 1875, faced with serious financial and enrollment problems during the Reconstruction era. In 1877, the state of North Carolina began sponsoring additional higher education inst ...
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Salon
Salon may refer to: Common meanings * Beauty salon, a venue for cosmetic treatments * French term for a drawing room, an architectural space in a home * Salon (gathering), a meeting for learning or enjoyment Arts and entertainment * Salon (Paris), a prestigious annual juried art exhibition in Paris begun under Louis XIV * ''The Salon'' (TV series), a British reality television show * ''The Salon'' (film), a 2005 American dramatic comedy movie * ''The Salon'' (comics), a graphic novel written and illustrated by Nick Bertozzi Places * Salon, Aube, France, a commune * Salon, Dordogne, France, a commune * Salon, India, a town and nagar panchayat * Salon (Assembly constituency), India, a constituency for the Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly Other uses * Salon.com, an online magazine * Champagne Salon, a producer of sparkling wine * Salon Basnet (born 1991), Nepali actor and model See also * * Salon-de-Provence, France, a commune * Salon-la-Tour, France, a commune * Sa ...
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The Industry Standard
''The Industry Standard'' is a U.S. news web site dedicated to technology business news, part of ''InfoWorld'', a news website covering technology in general. It is a revival of a weekly magazine based in San Francisco which was published between 1998 and 2001. Print magazine, 1998–2001 ''The Industry Standard'' called itself "the newsmagazine of the Internet economy", and it specialized in areas where business and the Internet overlapped. Like ''Wired'', ''Red Herring'', and (later) ''Business 2.0'', it was part of a breed of late 1990s publications that filled a gap in technology coverage left by mainstream media at the time. The magazine, which was owned by the technology publishing company IDG, was in many ways the brainchild of John Battelle, who had been a journalist at ''Wired'' both in the United States and the United Kingdom. Jonathan Weber was its editor-in-chief. The magazine also ran a web site, thestandard.com. Beginning in 1999, ''The Standard'' began selling ...
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Challenge–response Authentication
In computer security, challenge–response authentication is a family of protocols in which one party presents a question ("challenge") and another party must provide a valid answer ("response") to be authenticated. The simplest example of a challenge–response protocol is password authentication, where the challenge is asking for the password and the valid response is the correct password. An adversary who can eavesdrop on a password authentication can then authenticate itself by reusing the intercepted password. One solution is to issue multiple passwords, each of them marked with an identifier. The verifier can then present an identifier, and the prover must respond with the correct password for that identifier. Assuming that the passwords are chosen independently, an adversary who intercepts one challenge–response message pair has no clues to help with a different challenge at a different time. For example, when other communications security methods are unavailable, the ...
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Personal Identification Number
A personal identification number (PIN), or sometimes redundantly a PIN number or PIN code, is a numeric (sometimes alpha-numeric) passcode used in the process of authenticating a user accessing a system. The PIN has been the key to facilitating the private data exchange between different data-processing centers in computer networks for financial institutions, governments, and enterprises. PINs may be used to authenticate banking systems with cardholders, governments with citizens, enterprises with employees, and computers with users, among other uses. In common usage, PINs are used in ATM or POS transactions, secure access control (e.g. computer access, door access, car access), internet transactions, or to log into a restricted website. History The PIN originated with the introduction of the automated teller machine (ATM) in 1967, as an efficient way for banks to dispense cash to their customers. The first ATM system was that of Barclays in London, in 1967; it accepted ch ...
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The Guardian
''The Guardian'' is a British daily newspaper. It was founded in 1821 as ''The Manchester Guardian'', and changed its name in 1959. Along with its sister papers ''The Observer'' and ''The Guardian Weekly'', ''The Guardian'' is part of the Guardian Media Group, owned by the Scott Trust. The trust was created in 1936 to "secure the financial and editorial independence of ''The Guardian'' in perpetuity and to safeguard the journalistic freedom and liberal values of ''The Guardian'' free from commercial or political interference". The trust was converted into a limited company in 2008, with a constitution written so as to maintain for ''The Guardian'' the same protections as were built into the structure of the Scott Trust by its creators. Profits are reinvested in journalism rather than distributed to owners or shareholders. It is considered a newspaper of record in the UK. The editor-in-chief Katharine Viner succeeded Alan Rusbridger in 2015. Since 2018, the paper's main news ...
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CNET Networks
''CNET'' (short for "Computer Network") is an American media website that publishes reviews, news, articles, blogs, podcasts, and videos on technology and consumer electronics globally. ''CNET'' originally produced content for radio and television in addition to its website and now uses new media distribution methods through its Internet television network, CNET Video, and its podcast and blog networks. Founded in 1994 by Halsey Minor and Shelby Bonnie, it was the flagship brand of CNET Networks and became a brand of CBS Interactive through that unit's acquisition of CNET Networks in 2008. It has been owned by Red Ventures since October 30, 2020. Other than English, ''CNETs region- and language-specific editions include Chinese, French, German, Japanese, Korean, and Spanish. History Origins After leaving PepsiCo, Halsey Minor and Shelby Bonnie launched ''CNET'' in 1994, after website Yahoo! was launched. With help from Fox Network co-founder Kevin Wendle and forme ...
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Joe Mohen
Joseph T. Mohen (born July 19, 1956) works in holographic attractions. He has been CEO of Nylon Media, best known for having been founder and CEO and co-founder of election.com, which ran the Arizona Democratic Primary in March 2000, the world’s first legally binding election conducted on the Internet, according to the company. Mohen was also a force in creating the era of free legal music, as the founder of SpiralFrog, an ad-supported free music service, which even before Spotify was able secure the rights to free music distribution from the major record labels in return for a share of the advertising revenues; SpiralFrog ultimately failed because it not create an iPhone APP, but the licensees that he negotiated paved the way for the streaming music era. In March 2016, Mohen published a guest blog predicting the collapse of baseball World Series television revenues unless its schedule is revamped. Early life and childhood Mohen was born in the New York City borough of Queens, ...
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Navajo Nation
The Navajo Nation ( nv, Naabeehó Bináhásdzo), also known as Navajoland, is a Native American reservation in the United States. It occupies portions of northeastern Arizona, northwestern New Mexico, and southeastern Utah; at roughly , the Navajo Nation is the largest land area held by a Native American tribe in the U.S., exceeding ten U.S. states. In 2010, the reservation was home to 173,667 out of 332,129 Navajo tribal members; the remaining 158,462 tribal members lived outside the reservation, in urban areas (26 percent), border towns (10 percent), and elsewhere in the U.S. (17 percent). The seat of government is located in Window Rock, Arizona. The United States gained ownership of this territory in 1848 after acquiring it in the Mexican-American War. The reservation was within New Mexico Territory and straddled what became the Arizona-New Mexico border in 1912, when the states were admitted to the union. Unlike many reservations, it has expanded several times since ...
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Kelsey A
__NOTOC__ Kelsey may refer to: Places Canada * Kelsey, Alberta * Kelsey, Manitoba * Rural Municipality of Kelsey, Manitoba (unconnected with Kelsey, Manitoba) * Kelsey Airport, Manitoba * SIAST Kelsey Campus, one of four campuses of the Saskatchewan Institute of Applied Science and Technology in Saskatoon United States * Kelsey, California in El Dorado County * Kelseyville, California in Lake County; formerly called Kelsey, California * Kelsey, Ohio * Kelsey, Texas * Kelsey Museum of Archaeology at the University of Michigan * Mount Kelsey, a mountain in New Hampshire Other uses * Kelsey (automobile company) * Kelsey (given name) * Kelsey (surname) * Kelsey (actor), known for ''Shoe Diaries'' (1992), ''Return to Frogtown'' (1992) and ''Carjack'' (1993) * "Kelsey" (song), a 2007 single by Metro Station from their debut album, ''Metro Station'' * Kelsey Lake Diamond Mine, a defunct diamond mine in the U.S. state of Colorado * Kelsey, a fashion doll in the 2001 series of Groovy G ...
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