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223 Series
The is a suburban electric multiple unit (EMU) train type operated by West Japan Railway Company (JR-West) in the Kansai Region, Chūgoku region and Shikoku of Japan. Multiple batches of the train have been built with varying differences (particularly motor output control), although the overall general appearance remains similar. Design of the rolling stock was an improved adaptation of the 221 series, with three pairs of doors per side per car and a transverse seating layout. Production of the train type first began in 1993. Variants 223-0, 223-2500 series The first model (223-0) was delivered earlier than expected, and saw introduction into service on 1 April 1994, on the Hanwa Line. On 4 September of the same year, it began serving the Kansai Airport Line Rapid Service as Kansai International Airport opened. The train was initially fitted with luggage racks, for passengers travelling to/from the airport. A 1 + 2 seating configuration has been adopted to allow passengers ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hitachi
() is a Japanese multinational corporation, multinational Conglomerate (company), conglomerate corporation headquartered in Chiyoda, Tokyo, Japan. It is the parent company of the Hitachi Group (''Hitachi Gurūpu'') and had formed part of the Nissan Group, Nissan ''zaibatsu'' and later DKB Group and Fuyo Group of companies before DKB and Fuji Bank (the core Fuyo Group company) merged into the Mizuho Financial Group. As of 2020, Hitachi conducts business ranging from Information technology, IT, including Artificial intelligence, AI, the Internet of things, Internet of Things, and big data, to infrastructure. Hitachi is listed on the Tokyo Stock Exchange and Nagoya Stock Exchange and its Tokyo listing is a constituent of the Nikkei 225 and TOPIX Core30 indices. It is ranked 38th in the 2012 Fortune Global 500 and 129th in the 2012 Forbes Global 2000. History Hitachi was founded in 1910 by electrical engineer Namihei Odaira (1874–1951) in Ibaraki Prefecture. The company's firs ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maizuru Line
The is a railway line in Kyoto Prefecture, Japan, operated by the West Japan Railway Company (JR West). It connects Ayabe and Higashi-Maizuru, the line beyond there being called the Obama Line connecting to Tsuruga. Stations *Local trains stop at every station and rapid trains at the stations marked "S". History The line opened in the autumn of 1904 to transport troops and materiel to the naval base and Maizuru-Higashi Port during the Russo-Japanese War, which commenced in February of that year. Although built by the Japanese Government, it was initially leased to the Bantsuru Railway Co, which opened the Ayabe – Fukuchiyama section of what is now the Sanin Main Line The is a railway line in western Japan, which connects Kyoto and Shimonoseki, Yamaguchi, operated by West Japan Railway Company (JR West). It is the major railway line of the San'in region, approximately paralleling the Japan Sea, crossing Kyot ... the same year. The company was nationalised in 1907, the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Electronically Controlled Pneumatic Brakes
Electronically controlled pneumatic brakes are a type of modern railway braking system which offer improved performance compared to traditional railway air brakes. Overview Traditional train braking systems use pneumatic valves to control and generate brake applications on the cars along the length of the train. In general, this conventional system consists of a brake pipe that runs the length of the train which supplies air to reservoirs mounted on each of the cars. When the brake pipe and car components are charged with air, the brakes release. When the engineer needs to make a brake application, control valves in the locomotive reduce the brake pipe pressure. As the brake pipe pressure reduces, the service portion on each car diverts air from their reservoirs to their brake cylinders. To release the brakes, the engineer charges the brake pipe. This method of controlling the brakes on freight and passenger cars has remained virtually unchanged since its invention by George Wes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Regenerative Brake
Regenerative braking is an energy recovery mechanism that slows down a moving vehicle or object by converting its kinetic energy into a form that can be either used immediately or stored until needed. In this mechanism, the electric traction motor uses the vehicle's momentum to recover energy that would otherwise be lost to the brake discs as heat. This method contrasts with conventional braking systems. In those systems, the excess kinetic energy is converted to unwanted and wasted heat due to friction in the brakes, or with rheostatic brakes, where the energy is recovered by using electric motors as generators but is immediately dissipated as heat in resistors. In addition to improving the overall efficiency of the vehicle, regeneration can significantly extend the life of the braking system as the mechanical parts will not wear out quickly. General principle The most common form of regenerative brake involves an electric motor functioning as an electric generator. In elect ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dynamic Braking
Dynamic braking is the use of an electric traction motor as a generator when slowing a vehicle such as an electric or diesel-electric locomotive. It is termed " rheostatic" if the generated electrical power is dissipated as heat in brake grid resistors, and " regenerative" if the power is returned to the supply line. Dynamic braking reduces wear on friction-based braking components, and regeneration lowers net energy consumption. Dynamic braking may also be used on railcars with multiple units, light rail vehicles, electric trams, trolleybuses, and electric and hybrid electric automobiles. Principle of operation Converting electrical energy to the mechanical energy of a rotating shaft (electric motor) is the inverse of converting the mechanical energy of a rotating shaft to electrical energy (electric generator). Both are accomplished through the interactions of armature windings with a (relatively) moving external magnetic field, with the armature connected to an electrical ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor
An insulated-gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) is a three-terminal power semiconductor device primarily used as an electronic switch, which, as it was developed, came to combine high efficiency and fast switching. It consists of four alternating layers (P–N–P–N) that are controlled by a metal–oxide–semiconductor (MOS) Metal gate, gate structure. Although the structure of the IGBT is topologically the same as a thyristor with a "MOS" gate (MOS-controlled thyristor, MOS-gate thyristor), the thyristor action is completely suppressed, and only the transistor action is permitted in the entire device operation range. It is used in switching power supply, switching power supplies in high-power applications: variable-frequency drives (VFDs), electric cars, trains, variable-speed refrigerators, lamp ballasts, arc-welding machines, induction hobs, and air conditioners. Since it is designed to turn on and off rapidly, the IGBT can synthesize complex waveforms with pulse-width modulat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gate Turn-off Thyristor
A gate turn-off thyristor (GTO) is a special type of thyristor, which is a high-power (.e.g. 1200V AC) semiconductor device. It was invented by General Electric. GTOs, as opposed to normal thyristors, are fully controllable switches which can be turned on and off by their gate lead. Device description Normal thyristors (silicon-controlled rectifiers) are not fully controllable switches (a "fully controllable switch" can be turned on and off at will). Thyristors can only be turned on using the gate lead, but cannot be turned off using the gate lead. Thyristors are switched on by a gate signal, but even after the gate signal is de-asserted (removed, reverse biased), the thyristor remains in the on state until a turn-off condition occurs (which can be the application of a reverse voltage to the terminals or a decrease of the forward current below a certain threshold value known as the "holding current"). Thus, a thyristor behaves like a normal semiconductor diode after it is turned ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Variable Frequency Drive
A variable-frequency drive (VFD) is a type of motor drive used in electro-mechanical drive systems to control AC motor speed and torque by varying motor input frequency and, depending on topology, to control associated voltage or current variation., quote is per definition on p. 4 of NEMA Standards Publication ICS 7.2-2021. VFDs may also be known as 'AFDs' (adjustable-frequency drives), 'ASDs' (adjustable-speed drives), 'VSDs' (variable-speed drives), 'AC drives', 'micro drives', 'inverter drives' or, simply, 'drives'. VFDs are used in applications ranging from small appliances to large compressors. An increasing number of end users are showing greater interest in electric drive systems due to more stringent emission standards and demand for increased reliability and better availability. Systems using VFDs can be more efficient than those using throttling control of fluid flow, such as in systems with pumps and damper control for fans. However, the global market penetration fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bantan Line
The is a railway line that connects Himeji and Wadayama station in Asago City, Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan. The line is operated by the West Japan Railway Company (JR West) and serves as a connector between the Sanyo Main Line and the Sanin Main Line. The name refers to the ancient provinces of Harima (播磨) and Tajima (但馬), which the line connects. The line is long, with 18 stations. Service Local train operation is divided into the electrified section between Himeji and Teramae, and the non-electrified section between Teramae and Wadayama. All local trains makes every stop on the line, and no local train runs the entire length of the line. The ''Hamakaze'' limited express, which connects the Kinki region to the San'in region, uses the Bantan Line to access the Sanin Main Line. Stations Rolling stock * 103 series EMUs (since 1998) * 221 series EMUs (since 2003, sometimes substituted by 223-6000 series) * KiHa 40 series DMUs * KiHa 189 series DMUs (''Hamakaze'' lim ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Seto-Ōhashi Line
The is a railway line operated by West Japan Railway Company (JR West) and Shikoku Railway Company (JR Shikoku) in Japan which links Okayama Station in Okayama Prefecture with Takamatsu Station in Kagawa Prefecture via the Great Seto Bridge. It is not a distinct railway line, but an official nickname given to a composite line formed of three different lines. Basic data *Operators, lines: **Total distance: 71.8 km **JR West (Services and tracks) ***Uno Line 1: Okayama — Chayamachi, 14.9 km *** Honshi-Bisan Line: Chayamachi — Kojima, 12.9 km **JR Shikoku (Services and tracks) ***Honshi-Bisan Line: Kojima — Utazu, 18.1 km ***Yosan Line 1: Utazu — Sakaide — Takamatsu 25.9 km **JR Freight (Services) ***Uno Line 1: Okayama — Chayamachi, 14.9 km ***Honshi-Bisan Line: Chayamachi — Kojima — Utazu, 31.0 km ***Yosan Line 1: Utazu — Sakaide — Takamatsu 25.9 km ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fukuchiyama Line
The is a railway line operated by West Japan Railway Company (JR West) connecting Osaka and Fukuchiyama, Kyoto, Fukuchiyama, Japan. Within JR West's "Urban Network" covering the Osaka–Kobe–Kyoto metropolitan region, the line from Osaka to Sasayamaguchi is also called the JR Takarazuka Line (). The line traverses the cities of Kawanishi, Hyogo, Kawanishi and Takarazuka, Hyogo, Takarazuka in the northwestern corner of the Osaka metropolitan area. Although Amagasaki Station (JR West), Amagasaki is the line's official southeastern terminus, all trains continue east to Osaka Station, Osaka and beyond on the JR Kōbe Line, or to the Gakkentoshi Line via the JR Tōzai Line. Basic data *Operators, distances: 106.5 km / 66.2 mi. **West Japan Railway Company (Rail transport in Japan#Category-1, Category-1, Services and tracks) *Track: **Double-track line: ***From Amagasaki to Sasayamaguchi **Single-track line: ***From Sasayamaguchi to Fukuchiyama *Railway signalling: Autom ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kisei Main Line
The is a railway line that parallels the coastline of the Kii Peninsula in Japan between Mie Prefecture and Wakayama Prefecture. The name takes the ''kanji'' characters from the names of the old provinces of and . The line is operated by Central Japan Railway Company (JR Central) from Kameyama, the eastern terminus, to Shingū, and by West Japan Railway Company (JR West) from Shingū to Wakayamashi, the western terminus. The segment between Shingū and Wakayama is nicknamed as the , after the alternate name of the Kii Province. The line has connections with through service, to the Kansai Main Line for Nagoya via Ise Railway, and to the Hanwa Line at Wakayama terminus for Osaka. Basic data *Operators, distances: **Total: 384.2 km ** Central Japan Railway Company ( category 1) ***Kameyama - Shingū: 180.2 km **West Japan Railway Company (category 1) ***Shingū - Wakayamashi: 204.0 km ***1.0 km is property of Nankai Electric Railway shortly from Wakayamashi S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
