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2018 Nipah Virus Outbreak In Kerala
There have been several outbreaks of Nipah virus in Kerala, some of which have been traced to fruit bats. History Following previous Nipah virus outbreaks in India in 2001 and 2007 (both in the eastern state West Bengal), an outbreak occurred in Kerala in 2018. The 2018 Kerala outbreak was traced to fruit bats in the area and was generally confined to Kozhikode and Malappuram districts. and claimed 17 lives, The outbreak was declared over on 10 June 2018. A subsequent outbreak occurred in 2021 but was confined to the Pazhur village located within the Chathamangalam Gram panchayat in the Kozhikode district of Kerala. The outbreak claimed one life before it was declared over on 5 September 2021. 2018 outbreak Timeline The index case of the outbreak was reported at sub-divisional hospital in Perambra in Kozhikode district on 2 May. This patient—was later taken to the Government Medical College, Kozhikode for further treatment, where he later succumbed to the virus. Later, his ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nipah Virus
Nipah virus, scientific name ''Nipah henipavirus'', is a bat-borne virus that causes Nipah virus infection in humans and other animals, a disease with a high mortality rate. Numerous disease outbreaks caused by Nipah virus have occurred in South and Southeast Asia. Nipah virus belongs to the genus ''Henipavirus'' along with the Hendra virus, which has also caused disease outbreaks. Virology Like other henipaviruses, the Nipah virus genome is a single (nonsegmented) negative-sense, single-stranded RNA of over 18 kb, which is substantially longer than that of other paramyxoviruses. The enveloped virus particles are variable in shape, and can be filamentous or spherical; they contain a helical nucleocapsid. Six structural proteins are generated: N (nucleocapsid), P (phosphoprotein), M (matrix), F (fusion), G (glycoprotein) and L (RNA polymerase). The ''P'' open reading frame also encodes three nonstructural proteins, C, V and W. There are two envelope glycoproteins. The G ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Karnataka
Karnataka (; ISO: , , also known as Karunāḍu) is a state in the southwestern region of India. It was formed on 1 November 1956, with the passage of the States Reorganisation Act. Originally known as Mysore State , it was renamed ''Karnataka'' in 1973. The state corresponds to the Carnatic region. Its capital and largest city is Bengaluru. Karnataka is bordered by the Lakshadweep Sea to the west, Goa to the northwest, Maharashtra to the north, Telangana to the northeast, Andhra Pradesh to the east, Tamil Nadu to the southeast, and Kerala to the southwest. It is the only southern state to have land borders with all of the other four southern Indian sister states. The state covers an area of , or 5.83 percent of the total geographical area of India. It is the sixth-largest Indian state by area. With 61,130,704 inhabitants at the 2011 census, Karnataka is the eighth-largest state by population, comprising 31 districts. Kannada, one of the classical languages of India, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Robert Gallo
Robert Charles Gallo (; born March 23, 1937) is an American biomedical researcher. He is best known for his role in establishing the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) as the infectious agent responsible for acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and in the development of the HIV blood test, and he has been a major contributor to subsequent HIV research. Gallo is the director and co-founder of the Institute of Human Virology (IHV) at the University of Maryland School of Medicine in Baltimore, Maryland, established in 1996 in a partnership including the State of Maryland and the City of Baltimore. In November 2011, Gallo was named the first Homer & Martha Gudelsky Distinguished Professor in Medicine. Gallo is also a co-founder of biotechnology company Profectus BioSciences, Inc. and co-founder and scientific director of the Global Virus Network (GVN). Gallo was the most cited scientist in the world from 1980 to 1990, according to the Institute for Scientific Information, and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kerala High Court
The High Court of Kerala is the highest court in the Indian state of Kerala and the Union territory of Lakshadweep. It is located in Kochi. Drawing its powers under Article 226 of the Constitution of India, the High Court has the power to issue directions, orders and writs including the writs of ''habeas corpus'', ''mandamus'', ''prohibition'', ''quo warranto'' and ''certiorari'' for ensuring the enforcement of the Fundamental Rights guaranteed by the Constitution to citizens or for other specified purposes. The High Court is empowered with original, appellate and revisional jurisdiction in civil as well as criminal matters, and the power to answer references to it under some statutes. The High Court has the superintendence and visitorial jurisdiction over all courts and tribunals of inferior jurisdiction covered under its territorial jurisdiction. At present, the sanctioned Judge strength of the High Court of Kerala is 35 Permanent Judges including the Chief Justice and 12 Add ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rajeev Sadanandan
Rajeev Sadanandan (born 28 May 1959) is a former Indian bureaucrat from the Kerala cadre of the Indian Administrative Service and a healthcare policy-maker. He has been working and researching in the area of health systems, policy and financing for over two decades. He has been involved with the health system of the state of Kerala and has been active in health sector reforms in the state. After serving as the Additional Chief Secretary, Kerala, taking care of the Department of Health and Family Welfare, he took over as the Chief Executive Officer of Health Systems Transformation Platform (HSTP), funded by the Tata Trusts. Early life Rajeev Sadanandan did his schooling from Sainik School Kazhakootam, and later went on to do a Master of Arts in English from University of Kerala. Later, he completed his Master of Philosophy in Applied economics from Centre for Development Studies, Thiruvananthapuram. Career Rajeev started his bureaucratic career as the Sub-Collector of Kolla ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thamarassery
Thamarassery, formerly known as Thazhmalachery, it is one of the taluk in Kozhikode district and major hill town in the Kozhikode district of Kerala, India, 30 km north-east of Kozhikode (Calicut) City and 29 km east of Koyilandy. It lies on the Calicut - Wayanad - Mysore route ( National Highway 212). History Thamarassery belonged to the Kingdom of Kottayam before India became independent. It has witnessed the departure of the British and the great march of Tipu Sultan. Kottayam Kings who died fighting the British were given part of the land of Thamarassery in the days before freedom. The tomb of Payyampally Chandu, who was a warrior under the Kottayam Raja, is located at the Thamarassery Kotayil Sree Bhagavathi Temple. In 1936 the Thamarassery panchayat was formed, although a public health center had already been operating for some time prior. Attakoya Thangal was the first panchayat president. JT Abdurahiman Master is the president of the Thamarassery Panchayath ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Institute Of Advanced Virology, Kerala
The Institute of Advanced Virology (IAV) has been established by the Government of Kerala through Kerala Biotechnology Commission (KBC) of Kerala State Council for Science Technology and Environment (KSCSTE) on the wake of the 2018 Nipah virus outbreak in Kerala. The institute is located in the Bio 360 Life Sciences Park at Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India. The foundation stone of the IAV was laid on 30 May 2018 and inaugurated on 9 February 2019. The institute is also affiliated to the Global Virus Network The Global Virus Network (GVN) is an international coalition of medical virologists whose goal is to help the international medical community by improving the detection and management of viral diseases. The network was founded in 2011 by Robert G ... (GVN). The institute will be hosting the following divisions; Clinical virology, Viral diagnostics, Viral vaccines, Antiviral drug research, Viral applications, Viral epidemiology, Vector dynamics and public health, Virus ge ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United Arab Emirates
The United Arab Emirates (UAE; ar, اَلْإِمَارَات الْعَرَبِيَة الْمُتَحِدَة ), or simply the Emirates ( ar, الِْإمَارَات ), is a country in Western Asia (The Middle East). It is located at the eastern end of the Arabian Peninsula and shares borders with Oman and Saudi Arabia, while having maritime borders in the Persian Gulf with Qatar and Iran. Abu Dhabi is the nation's capital, while Dubai, the most populous city, is an international hub. The United Arab Emirates is an elective monarchy formed from a federation of seven emirates, consisting of Abu Dhabi (the capital), Ajman, Dubai, Fujairah, Ras Al Khaimah, Sharjah and Umm Al Quwain. Each emirate is governed by an emir and together the emirs form the Federal Supreme Council. The members of the Federal Supreme Council elect a president and vice president from among their members. In practice, the emir of Abu Dhabi serves as president while the ruler of Dubai is vice pre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction
Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is a laboratory technique combining reverse transcription of RNA into DNA (in this context called complementary DNA or cDNA) and amplification of specific DNA targets using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). It is primarily used to measure the amount of a specific RNA. This is achieved by monitoring the amplification reaction using fluorescence, a technique called real-time PCR or quantitative PCR (qPCR). Combined RT-PCR and qPCR are routinely used for analysis of gene expression and quantification of viral RNA in research and clinical settings. The close association between RT-PCR and qPCR has led to metonymic use of the term qPCR to mean RT-PCR. Such use may be confusing, as RT-PCR can be used without qPCR, for example to enable molecular cloning, sequencing or simple detection of RNA. Conversely, qPCR may be used without RT-PCR, for example to quantify the copy number of a specific piece of DNA. Nomenclature The combine ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kochi
Kochi (), also known as Cochin ( ) ( the official name until 1996) is a major port city on the Malabar Coast of India bordering the Laccadive Sea, which is a part of the Arabian Sea. It is part of the district of Ernakulam in the state of Kerala and is commonly referred to as Ernakulam. Kochi is the most densely populated city in Kerala. As of 2011, it has a corporation limit population of 677,381 within an area of 94.88 km2 and a total urban population of more than of 2.1 million within an area of 440 km2, making it the largest and the most populous metropolitan area in Kerala. Kochi city is also part of the Greater Cochin region and is classified as a Tier-II city by the Government of India. The civic body that governs the city is the Kochi Municipal Corporation, which was constituted in the year 1967, and the statutory bodies that oversee its development are the Greater Cochin Development Authority (GCDA) and the Goshree Islands Development Authority (GIDA). ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Soumya Swaminathan (scientist)
Soumya Swaminathan (born 2 May 1959) is an Indian paediatrician and clinical scientist known for her research on tuberculosis and HIV. From 2019 to 2022, she served as the chief scientist at the World Health Organization under the leadership of Director General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus. Previously, from October 2017 to March 2019, she was the Deputy Director General of Programmes (DDP) at the World Health Organization. Early life and education Swaminathan was born in Chennai, India. Swaminathan is the daughter of "Father of Green Revolution of India", M. S. Swaminathan and Indian educationalist Mina Swaminathan. Swaminathan has two siblings, Madhura Swaminathan, a professor of economics at the Indian Statistical Institute, Bangalore, and Nithya Swaminathan, a senior lecturer in gender analysis in international development at the University of East Anglia. Swaminathan received an M.B.B.S. from the Armed Forces Medical College in Pune. She has an M.D. in pediatrics from All I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World Health Organization
The World Health Organization (WHO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations responsible for international public health. The WHO Constitution states its main objective as "the attainment by all peoples of the highest possible level of health". Headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland, it has six regional offices and 150 field offices worldwide. The WHO was established on 7 April 1948. The first meeting of the World Health Assembly (WHA), the agency's governing body, took place on 24 July of that year. The WHO incorporated the assets, personnel, and duties of the League of Nations' Health Organization and the , including the International Classification of Diseases (ICD). Its work began in earnest in 1951 after a significant infusion of financial and technical resources. The WHO's mandate seeks and includes: working worldwide to promote health, keeping the world safe, and serve the vulnerable. It advocates that a billion more people should have: universal health care coverag ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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