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2013–2014 Tunisian Political Crisis
A political crisis evolved in Tunisia following the assassination of leftist leader Mohamed Brahmi in late July 2013, during which the country's mainly secular opposition organized several protests against the ruling Troika alliance that was dominated by Rashid al-Ghannushi's Islamist Ennahda Movement. The events came as part of the aftermath of the Tunisian Revolution which ousted the country's longtime president Zine El Abidine Ben Ali, followed by a general election which saw Ennahda win a plurality alongside Moncef Marzouki's allied Congress for the Republic (CPR). The crisis gradually subsided when Prime Minister Ali Laarayedh resigned and a new constitution was adopted in January 2014. Many incidents fueled the protests including the assassination of prominent secular leaders Chokri Belaid on 6 February 2013 and Mohamed Brahmi on 25 July. Other factors include the government's failure to deal with the rise of hardline Salafist groups including Ansar al-Sharia which is wide ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tunisian Revolution
The Tunisian Revolution, also called the Jasmine Revolution, was an intensive 28-day campaign of civil resistance. It included a series of street demonstrations which took place in Tunisia, and led to the ousting of longtime president Zine El Abidine Ben Ali in January 2011. It eventually led to a thorough democratisation of the country and to free and democratic elections. The demonstrations were caused by high unemployment, food inflation, corruption, a lack of political freedoms (such as freedom of speech) and poor living conditions. The protests constituted the most dramatic wave of social and political unrest in Tunisia in three decades and resulted in scores of deaths and injuries, most of which were the result of action by police and security forces. The protests were sparked by the self-immolation of Mohamed Bouazizi on 17 December 2010. They led to the ousting of Ben Ali on 14 January 2011, when he officially resigned after fleeing to Saudi Arabia, ending his ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Democratic Patriots' Movement
The Democratic Patriots' Unified Party ( ar, حزب الوطنيين الديمقراطيين الموحد), formerly the Democratic Patriots' Movement, is a communist party in Tunisia. Established in 1981, the movement was only legalised in 2011 after the Tunisian Revolution. The movement primarily advocates a parliamentary system, the balanced development of the peasantry and light industry, and campaigns against the exploitation of the working classes of Tunisia. In the 2011 elections, they won one seat in the Constituent Assembly of Tunisia, Mongi Rahoui from Jendouba Constituency. In October 2012, the party formed a leftist coalition, the Popular Front, with the Workers' Party, the Tunisian Green Party, the Movement of Socialist Democrats, the Tunisian Ba'ath Movement (an Iraqi-led branch of the Ba'ath Party), and other Progressive parties. The Movement is strongly anti-Islamist. Its secretary-general, Chokri Belaid Chokri Belaïd ( ar, شكري بلعيد, Shukrī Bi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prime Minister Of Tunisia
The prime minister of Tunisia ( ar, رئيس حكومة تونس, ra’īs ḥukūmat Tūnis) is the head of the executive branch of the government of Tunisia. The prime minister directs the executive branch along with the president and, together with the prime minister's cabinet, is accountable to the Assembly of the Representatives of the People, to the prime minister's political party and, ultimately, to the electorate for the policies and actions of the executive and the legislature. The office was established by Monarch Ali II with the appointment of Rejeb Khaznadar as the inaugural officeholder in 1759. The office was revived again in the republican system by Habib Bourguiba with the appointment of Bahi Ladgham in 1969. The constitution of 1959 established a presidential system where the president was both the head of state and the head of government. Bourguiba transferred some of his powers to the prime minister who had a ceremonial role. After the Tunisian Revolution in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
President Of Tunisia
The president of Tunisia, officially the president of the Tunisian Republic ( ar, رئيس الجمهورية التونسية), is the head of state of Tunisia. Tunisia is a presidential republic, whereby the president is the head of state and head of government. Under Article 77 of the Constitution of Tunisia, the president is also the commander-in-chief of the Tunisian Armed Forces. The incumbent president is Kais Saied who has held this position since 23 October 2019 following the death of Beji Caid Essebsi on 25 July 2019. 2022 Tunisian constitutional referendum turned Tunisia into a presidential republic, giving the president sweeping powers while largely limiting the role of the parliament. Elections The president is elected by universal suffrage by majority during elections held in the last sixty days of the previous presidential term. Article 74 of the Tunisian Constitution of 2014, Constitution establishes that the right to presidential candidacy is open to every Tun ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Moncef Marzouki
Mohamed Moncef Marzouki ( ar, محمد المنصف المرزوقي; ''Muhammad al-Munṣif al-Marzūqī'', born 7 July 1945) is a Tunisian politician who served as the fifth president of Tunisia from 2011 to 2014. Through his career he has been a human rights activist, physician and politician. On 12 December 2011, he was elected President of Tunisia by the Constituent Assembly. Early life Born in Grombalia, Tunisia, Marzouki was the son of a Qadi. His father, being a supporter of Salah Ben Youssef (Bourguiba's opponent), emigrated to Morocco in the late 1950s because of political pressures. Marzouki finished his secondary education in Tangier, where he obtained the Baccalauréat in 1961. He then went to study medicine at the University of Strasbourg in France. Returning to Tunisia in 1979, he founded the Center for Community Medicine in Sousse and the African Network for Prevention of Child Abuse, also joining Tunisian League for Human Rights. In his youth, he had travelled t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rashid Al-Ghannushi
Rached Ghannouchi ( ar, راشد الغنوشي, Rāshid al-Ghannūshī; born 22 June 1941), also spelled Rachid al-Ghannouchi or Rached el-Ghannouchi, is a Tunisian politician, the co-founder of the Ennahdha Party and serving as its intellectual leader. He was born Rashad Khriji (). Ghannouchi was named one of ''Time'''s 100 Most Influential People in the World in 2012 and ''Foreign Policy'''s Top 100 Global Thinkers and was awarded the Chatham House Prize in 2012 (alongside Tunisian President Moncef Marzouki) by Prince Andrew, Duke of York, for "the successful compromises each achieved during Tunisia's democratic transition". In 2016, he received the Jamnalal Bajaj Award for "promoting Gandhian values outside India". On 13 November 2019, Ghannouchi was elected Speaker of the Assembly of the Representatives of the People. Ghannouchi narrowly survived a vote of no confidence after 97 MPs voted against him on 30 July 2020, falling short of 109 needed to oust him as Speaker of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Social Democratic Path
Social Democratic Path (sometimes written as Democratic and Social Path; ar, المسار الديمقراطي الاجتماعي; french: Voie démocratique et sociale, or al-Massar) is a centre-left secularist political party in Tunisia. It was formed on 1 April 2012, by the merger of the post-communist Ettajdid Movement and the Tunisian Labour Party, including some individual members of the Democratic Modernist Pole The Democratic Modernist Pole ( ar, القطب الديمقراطي الحداثي) (french: Pôle démocratique moderniste) (PDM) was a Tunisian political coalition created for the Tunisian Constituent Assembly election of 23 October 2011. The "P ..., together holding 7 seats in the Constituent Assembly. It is led by Ahmed Brahim, former secretary of the Ettajdid Movement. On 11 February 2013, it became a part of the Union for Tunisia alliance of secularist parties. References {{Tunisian political parties 2012 establishments in Tunisia Social democratic par ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ahmed Brahim (Tunisian Politician)
Ahmed Brahim ( ar, أحمد إبراهيم, ''ʾAḥmad Ibrāhīm''; 14 June 1946 – 14 April 2016) was a Tunisian politician. He was the First Secretary of Ettajdid Movement and the leader of the Democratic Modernist Pole until April 2012, when his party merged into the Social Democratic Path of which he became the president. He was the Ettajdid Movement's candidate for President of Tunisia in the 2009 presidential election. A linguist by profession, he was a professor of French at Tunis University; his area of study was comparative linguistics. Tunisian Revolution After the fall of Zine el-Abidine Ben Ali, he was appointed by the new government as the Minister of Higher Education and left the post on 7 March. Political positions Brahim is in favor of the emergence of a "democratic modern and ''secular Secularity, also the secular or secularness (from Latin ''saeculum'', "worldly" or "of a generation"), is the state of being unrelated or neutral in regards to religion. Anythin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Republican Party (Tunisia)
The Republican Party ( ar, الحزب الجمهوري ', french: Parti républicain) is a centrist liberal party in Tunisia. It was formed on 9 April 2012 as a merger of the Progressive Democratic Party (PDP), Afek Tounes and the Tunisian Republican Party, several minor parties and independents. The party is led by Maya Jribi who was previously the secretary-general of the PDP. The party held 11 out of 217 seats and was the largest oppositional party in the National Constituent Assembly of Tunisia The Constituent Assembly of Tunisia, or National Constituent Assembly (NCA) was the body in charge of devising a new Tunisian constitution for the era after the fall of President Zine El Abidine Ben Ali and his Constitutional Democratic Rally ( .... The party withdrew from the Union for Tunisia coalition, though it is still part of the National Salvation Front. After the founding congress, nine assemblymen elected for the PDP contested the leadership vote and temporarily suspend ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maya Jribi
Maya Jribi (January 29, 1960 – May 19, 2018) was a Tunisian politician. From 2006 to 2012, she was the leader of the Progressive Democratic Party (PDP). From PDP's merger into the Republican Party in April 2012, until her resignation in 2017, she was the Secretary-General of the centrist party. Life and political career Her father is from Tatouine, while her mother is from Algeria. She followed her studies in Radès Tunisia, before studying biology at the University of Sfax, from 1979 to 1983. During that period, she became involved and an active member of the student union, known as UGET, and the Tunisian League of Human Rights. She wrote for the independent weekly Erraï and later for the PDP-newspaper Al Mawkif. Together with Ahmed Najib Chebbi, Maya Jribi co-founded the ''Progressive Socialist Rally'', established in 1983, which was later renamed into Progressive Democratic Party (PDP). Since 1986 she has been a member of the party's executive. On 25 December 2006, Jri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Workers' Party (Tunisia)
The Workers' Party ( ar, حزب العمال, Ḥizb al-'Ummāl; french: Parti des travailleurs) is a communist party in Tunisia. Legalized only in 2011, it participates in the Popular Front coalition, which is represented in the Assembly of the Representatives of the People. The party's long-term leader is general secretary Hamma Hammami. Founded in 1986, the party was known as the Tunisian Workers' Communist Party ( ar, حزب العمال الشيوعي التونسي, Ḥizb al-'Ummāl ash-Shuyū'ī at-Tūnsī, links=no; french: Parti communiste des ouvriers de Tunisie, links=no, PCOT) until 2012. After the rename it remained a member of the Hoxhaist International Conference of Marxist–Leninist Parties and Organizations (Unity & Struggle). History The party was outlawed until the Tunisian Revolution, when in a failed attempt to shore up the state framework it and another banned parties were invited to participate in a national unity government. Subsequently, the party and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hamma Hammami
Hamma Hammami ( ar, حمّه الهمامي; born 8 January 1952) is a Tunisian communist, leader a of the Popular_Front_(Tunisia), Popular Front, spokesman of the Tunisian Workers' Party, and former editor of the party news organ ''El-Badil''. Activities Hammami was imprisoned and tortured for his political activism against the rule of President Zine El Abidine Ben Ali and was noted for strong opposition to the government of Ben Ali. On 12 January 2011, he was arrested at his home Amnesty International (14 January 2011). for speaking to journalists about the Tunisian revolution. He was subsequently released on 15 January by the interim government of Fouad Mebazaa. Personal ...
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