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1989 Hong Kong Municipal Elections
The 1989 Hong Kong Urban Council and Regional Council elections were the municipal elections held on 9 March 1989 for the elected seats of the Urban Council and Regional Council respectively. Overview 15 seats in the Urban Council was the directly elected by the general residents and ten seats were elected by the Hong Kong Island and Kowloon District Boards members and fifteen appointed by the Governor. For the Regional Council, twelve seats were directly elected and 9 seats were elected by the New Territories District Boards members, with twelve appointed members and three ''ex officio'' members of the Chairman and two vice chairmen of the Heung Yee Kuk. The first-past-the-post voting system was used. A total of 213,352 voters, 17.6% of the total electorates cast their votes, in which 105,826 voters (14.2%) voted in the Urban Council, 9% lower than the last election, and 107,526 voters (23.9%) voted in the Regional Council, about 10% lower than the last election. 7 of the tota ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Urban Council
The Urban Council (UrbCo) was a municipal council in Hong Kong responsible for municipal services on Hong Kong Island and in Kowloon (including New Kowloon). These services were provided by the council's executive arm, the Urban Services Department. Later, the equivalent body for the New Territories was the Regional Council. The council was founded as the Sanitary Board in 1883. It was renamed the Urban Council when new legislation was passed in 1936 expanding its mandate. In 1973 the council was reorganised under non-government control and became financially autonomous. Originally composed mainly of ''ex-officio'' and appointed members, by the time the Urban Council was disbanded following the Handover it was composed entirely of members elected by universal suffrage. History The Urban Council was first established as the Sanitary Board in 1883. In 1887, a system of partial elections was established, allowing selected individuals to vote for members of the Board. On 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
First-past-the-post
In a first-past-the-post electoral system (FPTP or FPP), formally called single-member plurality voting (SMP) when used in single-member districts or informally choose-one voting in contrast to ranked voting, or score voting, voters cast their vote for a candidate of their choice, and the candidate who receives the most votes wins even if the top candidate gets less than 50%, which can happen when there are more than two popular candidates. As a winner-take-all method, FPTP often produces disproportional results (when electing members of an assembly, such as a parliament) in the sense that political parties do not get representation according to their share of the popular vote. This usually favours the largest party and parties with strong regional support to the detriment of smaller parties without a geographically concentrated base. Supporters of electoral reform are generally highly critical of FPTP because of this and point out other flaws, such as FPTP's vulnerability t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hong Kong Affairs Society
The Hong Kong Affairs Society () was a middle class and professionals oriented political organisation formed in 1984 for the discussion for the Hong Kong prospect and political constitution after the handover to China with about 20 members led by Huang Chen-ya, Man Sai-cheong and liberal lawyer Albert Ho and grew to about 120 in 1987. It was established as a group of political commentary but increasingly involved in subsequent municipal and district boards elections. In the 1980s it was one of the three major Pro-democracy camp in Hong Kong, pro-democracy groups (the other two being Hong Kong Association for Democracy and People's Livelihood and Meeting Point). In October 1986, the Society joined the Joint Committee on the Promotion of Democratic Government which consisted of about 190 organizations, putting forward to proposal of direct election in the 1988 Hong Kong legislative election, 1988 Legislative Council election but was rejected. Its leader Albert Ho and most of its me ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hong Kong Civic Association
The Hong Kong Civic Association is one of the longest-existing political organisations in Hong Kong. Established in 1954 by a group of teachers, professionals and businessmen, the Civic Association was one of the two semi-political parties to participate in the Urban Council elections since the 1950s, alongside Reform Club of Hong Kong. They were the only two organisations closest to the opposition parties dominated in the post-war colonial period before the expansion of the franchise in the 1980s. Although the Civic Association petitioned for constitutional reforms in the 1960s, it was considered relatively centrist and conservative to its counterpart. In the 1980s, its chairman Hilton Cheong-Leen became the first Chinese chairman of the Urban Council and member of the Legislative Council through the Urban Council electoral college. In the late 1980s, the Civic Association collaborated with Maria Tam's Progressive Hong Kong Society and subsequently the pro-business conservat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hong Kong Association For Democracy And People's Livelihood
The Hong Kong Association for Democracy and People's Livelihood (ADPL) is a Hong Kong pro-democracy social-liberal political party catering to grassroots interest with a strong basis in Sham Shui Po. Established on 26 October 1986, it was one of the three major pro-democracy groups along with the Meeting Point and the Hong Kong Affairs Society in the 1980s. The ADPL survived through the great unification of the pro-democracy camp in the 1991 and became the only pro-democracy party to sit in the Beijing-controlled Provisional Legislative Council in 1997. It was ousted for the first time in the 1998 Legislative Council election. Its veteran former chairman Frederick Fung was the only legislator for the ADPL until he was defeated in the 2016 Legislative Council election in which the party was ousted from the legislature for the second time. It currently holds 19 seats in the District Councils, most of them in Sham Shui Po. Stances The stated aims of the ADPL are to: * Strive fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hong Kong Urban Council And Regional Council Elections, 1989
The 1989 Hong Kong Urban Council and Regional Council elections were the municipal elections held on 9 March 1989 for the elected seats of the Urban Council and Regional Council respectively. Overview 15 seats in the Urban Council was the directly elected by the general residents and ten seats were elected by the Hong Kong Island and Kowloon District Boards members and fifteen appointed by the Governor. For the Regional Council, twelve seats were directly elected and 9 seats were elected by the New Territories District Boards members, with twelve appointed members and three ''ex officio'' members of the Chairman and two vice chairmen of the Heung Yee Kuk. The first-past-the-post voting system was used. A total of 213,352 voters, 17.6% of the total electorates cast their votes, in which 105,826 voters (14.2%) voted in the Urban Council, 9% lower than the last election, and 107,526 voters (23.9%) voted in the Regional Council, about 10% lower than the last election. 7 of the tota ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shek Wai Kok Estate
Shek Wai Kok Estate () is a public housing estate in Shek Wai Kok, Tsuen Wan, New Territories, Hong Kong, near Shing Mun Valley and Luk Yeung Sun Chuen. It consists of 8 residential buildings completed in 1980 to 1982. History On 28 September 1982, then Prime Minister of the United Kingdom Margaret Thatcher visited the estate to contact with the public by residents of the estate. On 14 March 2001, Leung Shing-yan died after being shot by Tsui Po-ko at Flat 552, Shek To House Block B, Shek Wai Kok Estate. The incident caused a sensation in Hong Kong society. Houses Demographics According to the 2016 by-census, Shek Wai Kok Estate had a population of 16,605. The median age was 51.1 and the majority of residents (98 per cent) were of Chinese ethnicity. The average household size was 2.6 people. The median monthly household income of all households (i.e. including both economically active and inactive households) was HK$20,000. Politics For the 2019 District Council election, t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Luk Yeung Sun Chuen
Luk Yeung Sun Chuen () is a private housing estate adjacent to the MTR Tsuen Wan station, Tsuen Wan, New Territories, Hong Kong. It comprises 17 high-rise buildings with a total of 4000 flats. It was developed in 1983 and 1984 by a consortium of property developers, including MTR Corporation, Hong Kong Land, Jardine Matheson Holdings, Kiu Kwong Investment and Dah Sing Group. The MTR Tsuen Wan Depot is located underneath Luk Yeung Sun Chuen. History In 1977, the Mass Transit Railway Corporation (MTRC) began seeking developers with whom to form a joint venture responsible for developing the airspace above the Tsuen Wan Extension railway depot. In 1979, MTRC awarded the contract to build the depot, including the columns and podium slab for the topside development, to the Dragages Coignet Joint Venture. The residential blocks received their respective occupation permits during 1983 and 1984. Demographics According to the 2016 by-census, Luk Yeung Sun Chuen had a population ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tsuen Wan
Tsuen Wan (formerly also spelled Tsun Wan) is a town built on a bay in the western New Territories of Hong Kong, opposite of Tsing Yi Island across Rambler Channel. The market town of Tsuen Wan emerged from the surrounding villages and fleets of fishing boats in the area. The now-crowded city is around the present-day Tsuen Wan station of the MTR. Its coastline was further extended through land reclamation. History According to the report of Hong Kong archaeological society, there were people settled in Tsuen Wan as early as two thousand years ago. In earlier days, it was known as Tsin Wan (淺灣) which means shallow bay, and later renamed to Tsuen Wan. Another name ''Tsak Wan'' (賊灣, Hakka dialect pronunciation: tshet wan), pirate bay, indicates the presence of pirates nearby long ago. In fact, the area around Rambler Channel was known as Sam Pak Tsin (三百錢), literally meaning three hundred coins. There was a legend that pirates would collect three hundre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Szeto Wah
Szeto Wah (; 28 February 1931 – 2 January 2011) was a prominent Hong Kong democracy activist and politician. He was the founding chairman of the Hong Kong Alliance in Support of Patriotic Democratic Movements of China, the Hong Kong Professional Teachers' Union and former member of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong from 1985 to 1997 and from 1997 to 2004. Being one of the two icons of the Hong Kong democracy movement alongside Martin Lee, Szeto played an instrumental role in the emergence of the pro-democracy camp. Entering politics as a trade unionist for teachers, Szeto founded the influential Hong Kong Professional Teachers' Union and was first elected to the colonial legislature through the newly created Teaching functional constituency in 1985. He and Martin Lee became the two pro-democrats appointed to the Hong Kong Basic Law Drafting Committee by the Beijing government in 1985 until the duo resigned in the wake of the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Martin Lee Chu-ming
Martin Lee Chu-ming, SC, JP (; born 8 June 1938) is a Hong Kong politician and barrister. He is the founding chairman of the United Democrats of Hong Kong and its successor, the Democratic Party, Hong Kong's flagship pro-democracy party. He was also a member of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong from 1985 to 1997 and from 1998 to 2008. Nicknamed the "Father of Democracy" in Hong Kong, he is recognised as one of the most prominent advocates for democracy and human rights in Hong Kong and China. A barrister by profession, Lee served as the chairman of the Hong Kong Bar Association from 1980 to 1983. He became involved in discussions over Hong Kong's handover to China, and in 1985 he joined the Hong Kong Basic Law Drafting Committee to assist in the drafting of Hong Kong's Basic Law, the city's mini-constitution post-handover. He was, however, expelled from the body in 1989 in the wake of the 1989 Tiananmen square crackdown, due to his condemnation of the Beijing governmen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Albert Chan Wai-yip
Albert Chan Wai-yip (born 3 March 1955, Hong Kong) is a former member of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong representing the New Territories West constituency. He has served as a legislator from 1991 to 2016 except for the periods 1997–2000 and Jan–May 2010. Chan, formerly a social worker, was a member of the Tsuen Wan District Council. Political career In 1986, together with Lee Wing-tat, he founded the Hong Kong Association for Democracy and People's Livelihood. From 1994–2002 he was a member of the Democratic Party. In 2006 he co-founded the League of Social Democrats but resigned in 2011 over differences with the then leadership to form People Power with fellow legislator Wong Yuk-man. He is active in grass roots issues and believes that the government is not genuinely committed to the electoral reform promised in the Hong Kong Basic Law. 2010 Five Constituencies Referendum On 29 January 2010, Chan, together with four other lawmakers (two from Civic Party, two ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
