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1981 Andalusian Statute Of Autonomy Referendum
A referendum on the approval of the Andalusian Statute of Autonomy was held in Andalusia on Tuesday, 20 October 1981. Voters were asked whether they ratified a proposed Statute of Autonomy of Andalusia bill organizing the provinces of Almería, Cádiz, Córdoba, Granada, Huelva, Jaén, Málaga and Seville into an autonomous community of Spain. The final draft of the bill had been approved by the Andalusian Assembly of Parliamentarians on 1 March 1981, but it required ratification through a binding referendum and its subsequent approval by the Spanish Cortes Generales, as established under Article 151 of the Spanish Constitution of 1978. The referendum was held simultaneously with a regional election in Galicia. The referendum resulted in 92.7% of valid votes in support of the bill on a turnout of 53.5%. Once approved, the bill was submitted to the consideration of the Cortes Generales, which accepted it on 17 December 1981 (in the Congress of Deputies) and 23 December (in the Spa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Andalusia
Andalusia (, ; es, Andalucía ) is the southernmost Autonomous communities of Spain, autonomous community in Peninsular Spain. It is the most populous and the second-largest autonomous community in the country. It is officially recognised as a Nationalities and regions of Spain, "historical nationality". The territory is divided into eight Provinces of Spain, provinces: Province of Almería, Almería, Province of Cádiz, Cádiz, Province of Córdoba (Spain), Córdoba, Province of Granada, Granada, Province of Huelva, Huelva, Province of Jaén (Spain), Jaén, Province of Málaga, Málaga, and Province of Seville, Seville. Its capital city is Seville. The seat of the High Court of Justice of Andalusia is located in the city of Granada. Andalusia is located in the south of the Iberian Peninsula, in southwestern Europe, immediately south of the autonomous communities of Extremadura and Castilla-La Mancha; west of the autonomous community of Region of Murcia, Murcia and the Mediterr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spanish Senate
The Senate ( es, Senado) is the upper house of the Cortes Generales, which along with the Congress of Deputies – the lower chamber – comprises the Parliament of the Kingdom of Spain. The Senate meets in the Palace of the Senate in Madrid. The composition of the Senate is established in Part III of the Spanish Constitution. The Senate is composed of senators, each of whom represents a province, an autonomous city or an autonomous community. Each mainland province, regardless of its population size, is equally represented by four senators; in the insular provinces, the big islands are represented by three senators and the minor islands are represented by a single senator. Likewise, the autonomous cities of Ceuta and Melilla elect two senators each. This direct election results in the election of 208 senators by the citizens. In addition, the regional legislatures also designate their own representatives, one senator for each autonomous community and another for every million r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Andalusian Unity
Andalusian Unity ( es, Unidad Andaluza, UA) was a political party launched in December 1980 by former minister Manuel Clavero as a split from the Union of the Democratic Centre (UCD) over disagreement with UCD's autonomic policy on the 1980 Andalusian autonomy initiative referendum. The party was officially registered on 22 January 1981. Clavero was the party's president, whereas Manuel Otero Luna was elected as secretary general. An electoral coalition with the conservative People's Alliance (AP) was considered ahead of the 1982 Andalusian regional election, but in the end it was rejected and the party chose not to contest the election out of a lack of campaign funding. It also unsuccessfully probed a coalition with Adolfo Suárez's Democratic and Social Centre (CDS) ahead of the 1982 Spanish general election The 1982 Spanish general election was held on Thursday, 28 October 1982, to elect the 2nd Cortes Generales of the Kingdom of Spain. All 350 seats in the Congress of Dep ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Royal Decree
A decree is a legal proclamation, usually issued by a head of state (such as the president of a republic or a monarch), according to certain procedures (usually established in a constitution). It has the force of law. The particular term used for this concept may vary from country to country. The ''executive orders'' made by the President of the United States, for example, are decrees (although a decree is not exactly an order). Decree by jurisdiction Belgium In Belgium, a decree is a law of a community or regional parliament, e.g. the Flemish Parliament. France The word ''décret'', literally "decree", is an old legal usage in France and is used to refer to executive orders issued by the French President or Prime Minister. Any such order must not violate the French Constitution or Civil Code, and a party has the right to request an order be annulled in the French Council of State. Orders must be ratified by Parliament before they can be modified into legislative Acts. Specia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Andalusian Party
The Andalusian Party ( es, Partido Andalucista, PA) was an Andalusian nationalist centre-left political party from Andalusia (Spain), with an important presence in provinces such as Cádiz and Seville although in the past they have stood in other provinces and even won seats in Barcelona to the Parliament of Catalonia. History The party was founded as the Socialist Alliance of Andalusia () in 1965 by Alejandro Rojas-Marcos. In 1976 it took the name Socialist Party of Andalusia (). In 1979 the name was changed to Socialist Party of Andalusia - Andalusian Party (). The PA party name was adopted in 1984. Its last Secretary-General was Antonio Jesús Ruiz. A splinter group, led by former leader Pedro Pacheco, was formed in 2001, under the name Socialist Party of Andalusia (), later rejoined back into Partido Andalucista. Historically, the party had been strong in the capital city of Andalusia, Seville, as well as other big cities like Jerez de la Frontera or Algeciras, obtaining t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Communist Party Of Spain
The Communist Party of Spain ( es, Partido Comunista de España; PCE) is a Marxist-Leninist party that, since 1986, has been part of the United Left coalition, which is part of Unidas Podemos. It currently has two of its politicians serving as government ministers in the Spanish government, in the roles of Minister of Labour and Social Economy and Minister of Consumer Affairs respectively. The PCE was founded by 1921, after a split in the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party ( es, Partido Socialista Obrero Español; PSOE). The PCE was founded by those who opposed the social democratic wing of the PSOE, because the social democrat wing did not support the PSOE's integration in the Communist International founded by Vladimir Lenin two years prior. The PCE was a merger of the Spanish Communist Party ( es, Partido Comunista Español) and the Spanish Communist Workers' Party ( es, Partido Comunista Obrero Español). The PCE was first legalized after the proclamation of the Second S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Union Of The Democratic Centre (Spain)
The Union of the Democratic Centre (, UCD, also translated as "Democratic Centre Union") was an electoral alliance, and later political party, in Spain, existing from 1977 to 1983. It was initially led by Adolfo Suárez. History The coalition, in fact a federation of parties, was formed on 3 May 1977, during the transition to democracy from the dictatorship of Francisco Franco, with the involvement of leaders from a variety of newly formed centrist and rightist factions, under the leadership of Suárez, then Prime Minister. The principal components of the UCD defined themselves as Christian democrats, liberals, social democrats, or "independents", the latter frequently comprising conservative elements which had been part of the Franco regime. The parties that made the UCD coalition were: * Christian democrats: ** Christian Democratic Party (PDC) of Fernando Álvarez de Miranda and Íñigo Cavero. * Social democrats: ** Social Democratic Federation (FSD) of José Ramón Lasu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party
The Spanish Socialist Workers' Party ( es, Partido Socialista Obrero Español ; PSOE ) is a social-democraticThe PSOE is described as a social-democratic party by numerous sources: * * * * political party in Spain. The PSOE has been in government longer than any other political party in modern democratic Spain, namely from 1982 to 1996 under Felipe González; from 2004 to 2011 under José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero; and currently since 2018 under Pedro Sánchez. The PSOE was founded in 1879, making it the oldest party currently active in Spain. The PSOE played a key role during the Second Spanish Republic, being part of coalition government from 1931 to 1933 and from 1936 to 1939, when the Republic was defeated by Francisco Franco in the Spanish Civil War. The party was then banned under Franco's dictatorship and its members and leaders were persecuted or exiled. The PSOE was only legalised again in 1977. Historically a Marxist party, it abandoned Marxism in 1979. Just like ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Expansión (Spanish Newspaper)
''Expansión'' is a Spanish economic and business newspaper published in Madrid, Spain. History and profile ''Expansión'' was established in May 1986. The paper is published in tabloid format and is owned by Unidad Editorial, which is in turn controlled by RCS MediaGroup. Its sister newspapers are ''El Mundo (Spain), El Mundo'' and ''Marca (newspaper), Marca''. ''Expansión'' used to be part of the British group Pearson Communications, Pearson, which had a share of 39% in the paper during the late 1990s. During this period the publisher was Ârea Editorial. The headquarters of ''Expansión'' is in Madrid. The paper was awarded by the Society for News Design (SND) the World's Best Designed Newspaper™ for 1994. It celebrated its 25th anniversary in September 2011 with an event led by Felipe, Prince of Asturias, Prince Felipe and Princess Letizia. Circulation and readership The circulation of ''Expansión'' was 39,047 copies in 1994. The paper had a circulation of 52,645 copie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ideal (newspaper)
''Ideal'' is a daily Spanish language newspaper edited and published in Granada. It forms part of the Corporación de Medios de Andalucía, which in turn belongs to the grupo Vocento. Founded in 1932 by Editorial Católica, since then it has had a long history. While publication is largely circumscribed to , ''Ideal ''is distributed in the provinces of Granada, Almería and Jaén, where it has local editions. At present it is the most widely subscription based newspaper in these provinces and one of the main newspapers in Andalusia, reaching in 2010 about 164,000 daily readers according to el Estudio general de medios (EGM). History ''Ideal'' had in its origins in the Catholic and conservative daily ''La Gaceta del Sur'', which had disappeared in 1931. The Catholic hierarchy of Granada decided to launch a new newspaper, counting on the collaboration of journalists such as Ángel Herrera Oria y de Pedro Gómez Aparicio. The newspaper went to the streets for the first time on May ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1980 Andalusian Autonomy Initiative Referendum
A referendum on the initiative of the Andalusian autonomy process was held in Andalusia on Thursday, 28 February 1980. Voters were asked whether they ratified a proposed initiative for the provinces of Almería, Cádiz, Córdoba, Granada, Huelva, Jaén, Málaga and Seville to organize themselves into an autonomous community of Spain throughout the legal procedure outlined in Article 151 of the Spanish Constitution of 1978. The referendum resulted in 94.2% of valid votes in support of the bill on a turnout of 64.2%. However, the "Yes" vote failed to reach the required 50% majority in the province of Almería—garnering 42.3% of the electorate under a turnout of 51.1%—resulting in a deadlock of several months until an inter-party agreement resulted in legal amendments allowing the autonomy process to continue as envisaged under Article 151. Legal framework Articles 143 and 151 of the Spanish Constitution of 1978 provided for two ordinary procedures for regions to access autonom ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Universal Suffrage
Universal suffrage (also called universal franchise, general suffrage, and common suffrage of the common man) gives the right to vote to all adult citizens, regardless of wealth, income, gender, social status, race, ethnicity, or political stance, subject only to certain exceptions as in the case of children, felons, and for a time, women.Suffrage ''Encyclopedia Britannica''. In its original 19th-century usage by reformers in Britain, ''universal suffrage'' was understood to mean only ; the vote was extended to women later, during the |
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