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1963 In Romania
Events from the year 1963 in Romania. The year saw the continued de-satellization of Communist Romania. Incumbents *President of the State Council and General Secretary of the Romanian Communist Party: Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej.. *Prime Minister: Ion Gheorghe Maurer. Events * 15 May – The film '' Codine'', directed by Henri Colpi, wins Best Screenplay at the 1963 Cannes Film Festival. * 30 November – The Romanian and Yugoslavian governments agree to develop the Iron Gate Hydroelectric Power Station. * Unknown – As part of de-satellization from the Soviet Union, street names with Soviet influences are renamed. For example, Strada Kirov becomes Strada Onesti. Births * 5 July – Adriana Bazon, rower, silver medal winner at the 1984, 1988 and 1992 Summer Olympics. * 17 August – Ruxandra Cesereanu, poet and writer. * 30 September – Lucia Sauca, rower, silver medal winner at the 1984 Summer Olympics. * 16 December – Viorica Dăncilă, Prime Minister between 2018 and 2019 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
De-satellization Of Communist Romania
The de-satellization of the Socialist Republic of Romania from the Soviet Union was the release of Romania from its Soviet satellite status in the 1960s. The Romanian leadership achieved the de-satellization partly by taking advantage of Nikita Khrushchev's errors and vulnerabilities. Romania's independence was tolerated by Moscow because Romania did not border the Iron Curtain - being surrounded by socialist states - and because its ruling party was not going to abandon communism. Although Romania remained a member of both the Warsaw Pact and Comecon, it was not to be a docile member of either. Even before Nicolae Ceaușescu came to power, Romania was a genuinely independent country, as opposed to the rest of the Warsaw Pact. To some extent, it was even more independent than Cuba (a communist state that was not a member of the Warsaw Pact). The Romanian regime was largely impervious to Soviet political influence, and Ceaușescu was the only declared opponent of '' glasnost'' a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lucia Toader
Lucia Toader ( Sauca; 30 September 1960 – December 2013) was a Romanian rower. She won an Olympic silver medal in the women's eight in 1984 and world titles in the coxed four boat class in 1986 and in the eight in 1987. She competed at the 1986 World Rowing Championships The 1986 World Rowing Championships were World Rowing Championships that were held from 17 to 24 August 1986 at Nottingham in the United Kingdom. Medal summary Looking at the open weight classes only, East Germany was the most successful nation ... under her married name. References External links * 1960 births 2013 deaths Romanian female rowers Rowers at the 1984 Summer Olympics Olympic silver medalists for Romania Olympic rowers for Romania Olympic medalists in rowing Medalists at the 1984 Summer Olympics World Rowing Championships medalists for Romania Sportspeople from Vaslui County {{Romania-Olympic-medalist-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1893 In Romania
Events January–March * January 2 – Webb C. Ball introduces railroad chronometers, which become the general railroad timepiece standards in North America. * Mark Twain started writing Puddn'head Wilson. * January 6 – The Washington National Cathedral is chartered by Congress; the charter is signed by President Benjamin Harrison. * January 13 ** The Independent Labour Party of the United Kingdom has its first meeting. ** U.S. Marines from the ''USS Boston'' land in Honolulu, Hawaii, to prevent the queen from abrogating the Bayonet Constitution. * January 15 – The ''Telefon Hírmondó'' service starts with around 60 subscribers, in Budapest. * January 17 – Overthrow of the Kingdom of Hawaii: Lorrin A. Thurston and the Committee of Safety (Hawaii), Citizen's Committee of Public Safety in Hawaii, with the intervention of the United States Marine Corps, overthrow the government of Queen Liliuokalani. * January 21 ** The Cherry Sisters first perform ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paul Alexiu
Paul Alexiu (April 8, 1893 in Bucharest – September 30, 1963, in Bucharest) was a major-general in the Romanian Armed Forces during World War II. After attending the Artillery Military School in Bucharest (1911–1913), he graduated with the rank of second lieutenant. After World War I, he pursued his studies at the Higher War School (1920–1922). Alexiu was promoted to lieutenant colonel in 1933 and to colonel in 1938. The start of Operation Barbarossa on 22 June 1941 found Colonel Alexiu in command of the 3rd Artillery Regiment from the 10th Artillery Brigade, in charge of two 75mm Gun Battalions and one 100mm Howitzer Battalion. During World War II he fought on the Eastern Front, participating in the Crimean campaign, especially in the July 1942 battle at Eltigen in the Kerch Peninsula. He served as commanding officer of the 4th Artillery Regiment between 1941 and 1942, and in 1942 to 1943 he served as the commanding officer of the artillery 10th division. He was p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1913 In Romania
Events January * January 5 – First Balkan War: Battle of Lemnos – Greek admiral Pavlos Kountouriotis forces the Turkish fleet to retreat to its base within the Dardanelles, from which it will not venture for the rest of the war. * January 13 – Edward Carson founds the (first) Ulster Volunteer Force, by unifying several existing loyalist militias to resist home rule for Ireland. * January 23 – 1913 Ottoman coup d'état: Ismail Enver comes to power. * January – Stalin (whose first article using this name is published this month) travels to Vienna to carry out research. Until he leaves on February 16 the city is home simultaneously to him, Hitler, Trotsky and Tito alongside Berg, Freud and Jung and Ludwig and Paul Wittgenstein. February * February 1 – New York City's Grand Central Terminal, having been rebuilt, reopens as the world's largest railroad station. * February 3 – The 16th Amendment to the United States Cons ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maria Tănase
Maria Tănase (; 25 September 1913 – 22 June 1963) was a Romanian singer and actress. Her music ranged from traditional Romanian music to romance, tango, chanson and operetta. Tănase has a similar importance in Romania as Édith Piaf in France or Amália Rodrigues in Portugal. In her nearly three-decade-long career, she became widely regarded as Romania's national diva, being admired for her originality, voice, physical beauty and charisma. In Romania, she is still regarded as a major cultural icon of the 20th century. In 2006 she was included to the list of the 100 Greatest Romanians of all time by a nationwide poll. Among her songs are ''Cine iubește și lasă'' (1937), ''Leliță cârciumăreasă'' (1939), ''Bun îi vinul ghiurghiuliu'' (1938), ''Doina din Maramureș'' (1956), ''Ciuleandra'' (1956) and ''Până când nu te iubeam''. Biography Born in Bucharest suburb of Cărămidarii de Jos, or Cărămidari, Maria Tănase attended Primary School number 11 from Tăb ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1884 In Romania
Events January–March * January 4 – The Fabian Society is founded in London. * January 5 – Gilbert and Sullivan's ''Princess Ida'' premières at the Savoy Theatre, London. * January 18 – Dr. William Price attempts to cremate his dead baby son, Iesu Grist, in Wales. Later tried and acquitted on the grounds that cremation is not contrary to English law, he is thus able to carry out the ceremony (the first in the United Kingdom in modern times) on March 14, setting a legal precedent. * February 1 – ''A New English Dictionary on historical principles, part 1'' (edited by James A. H. Murray), the first fascicle of what will become ''The Oxford English Dictionary'', is published in England. * February 5 – Derby County Football Club is founded in England. * March 13 – The siege of Khartoum, Sudan, begins (ends on January 26, 1885). * March 28 – Prince Leopold, the youngest son and the eighth child of Queen Victoria and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Beatification
Beatification (from Latin ''beatus'', "blessed" and ''facere'', "to make”) is a recognition accorded by the Catholic Church of a deceased person's entrance into Heaven and capacity to intercede on behalf of individuals who pray in their name. ''Beati'' is the plural form, referring to those who have undergone the process of beatification; they possess the title of "Blessed" (abbreviation "Bl.") before their names and are often referred to in English as "a Blessed" or, plurally, "Blesseds". History Local bishops had the power of beatifying until 1634, when Pope Urban VIII, in the apostolic constitution ''Cœlestis Jerusalem'' of 6 July, reserved the power of beatifying to the Holy See. Since the reforms of 1983, as a rule, one miracle must be confirmed to have taken place through the intercession of the person to be beatified. Miracles are almost always unexplainable medical healings, and are scientifically investigated by commissions comprising physicians and theologia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gherla Prison
Gherla Prison is a penitentiary located in the Romanian city of Gherla, in Cluj County. The prison dates from 1785; it is infamous for the treatment of its political inmates, especially during the Communist regime. In Romanian slang the generic word for a prison is "gherlǎ", after the institution. History Early years The basic structure came from the fortress of Gherla or "Szamos-uj-var" (equivalent to transliteration from Hungarian, meaning "New castle on the Szamos") built around 1540 by George Martinuzzi, archbishop, cardinal and Imperial Treasurer of the Habsburg Empire. Through the Imperial Decree of Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor, dated October 20, 1785 this fortress was transformed into "Carcer Magni Principatus Transilvanie" (The Major Prison of Transylvanian Principality). Throughout its history under the Austrian Empire, then Austro-Hungarian Empire, Hungary and finally Romania the penitentiary also hosted various industrial activities. Near the prison a large cem ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexandru Rusu
Alexandru Rusu (22 November 1884 – 9 May 1963) was a Romanian bishop of the Romanian Church United with Rome, Greek-Catholic, Greek-Catholic Church. One of twelve children born to a priest in Șăulia Commune, Mureș County, he was himself ordained a priest in 1910. Rusu was ordained Greek Catholic Diocese of Maramureş, Bishop of Maramureş in 1931. After the church's leadership fell vacant in 1941, he was chosen its new head (Major Archbishop of Fagaraş and Alba Iulia) in 1946, a decision approved by the Holy See but not by the Romanian Communist Party, Communist-dominated Petru Groza government. Rusu was arrested in October 1948 by the authorities of the new Communist Romania, Communist regime which had outlawed the church, and he was held in two monasteries, in Sighet prison, and then in two other monasteries. In 1957, a military tribunal found him guilty of "instigation and high treason". Rusu was sentenced to 25 years of imprisonment and he ended up at Gherla prison, whe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1882 In Romania
Events from the year 1882 in Romania. The year saw the departure of the ''Thetis'', carrying Romanian Jews to Palestine. Incumbents * King: Carol I. * Prime Minister: Ion Brătianu Events * 18 August – The passenger ship ''Thetis'' departs carrying Romanian Jews to Palestine as part of the First Aliyah. They found Rosh Pinna and Zikhron Ya'akov. Births * 18 February – Ion Mihalache, politician, the founder and leader of the Peasants' Party (died 1963). * 18 April – Victor Gomoiu, surgeon and founder of hospitals (died 1960). * 20 April – Nicolae Ciupercă, lieutenant general who served in both world wars and was Minister of War from 1938 to 1939, anti-communist resistance leader (died 1950). * 14 June – Ion Antonescu, military officer and marshal, Prime Minister and ''Conducător'' during most of World War II (died 1946). * 18 June – Ștefania Mărăcineanu, physicist (died 1944). * 28 September – Vasile Pârvan, archaeologist and historian (died 1927). * 5 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Râmnicu Sărat Prison
Râmnicu Sărat Prison is a former prison located in Râmnicu Sărat, Buzău County, Romania. The building is listed as a historic monument by Romania's Ministry of Culture and Religious Affairs. Before World War II The prison was built at the end of the 19th century, and first attested in a document of October 1901. From its establishment until 1938, it housed common criminals with sentences of up to two years. After the onset of King Carol II's royal dictatorship in 1938, the prison began to be used for political prisoners, namely the leadership of the Iron Guard, including Corneliu Zelea Codreanu. During the communist period From 1955 to 1963, a significant number of prominent political prisoners were held there by the communist regime. Alexandru Vișinescu was the commander of the prison from 1956 to 1963. In 2015 he was convicted of crimes against humanity for his treatment of detainees, and sentenced to 20 years' imprisonment. Unlike the much larger prisons at Gherla, Aiu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
