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1887 In France
Events from the year 1887 in France. Incumbents *President: Jules Grévy (until 12 December), Marie François Sadi Carnot (starting 12 December) *President of the Council of Ministers: ** until 30 May: René Goblet ** 30 May-12 December: Maurice Rouvier ** starting 12 December: Pierre Tirard Events * 28 January – Construction of foundation of the Eiffel Tower starts in Paris. On 1 July, work on the iron superstructure begins. * 11 January – Louis Pasteur's anti-rabies treatment is defended in the French Academy of Medicine by Dr. Joseph Grancher. * 21–28 April – Schnaebele incident nearly leads to war between France and Germany. * 23 February – The French Riviera is hit by a large earthquake, killing around 2,000 along the coast of the Mediterranean Sea. * The Lebel Model 1886 rifle is first issued to the French army, the first military firearm to use smokeless powder ammunition. Births January to June * 17 January – Marcel Godivier, cyclist (died 1963) * 18 Ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
France
France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of Overseas France, overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic Ocean, Atlantic, Pacific Ocean, Pacific and Indian Oceans. Its Metropolitan France, metropolitan area extends from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean and from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea; overseas territories include French Guiana in South America, Saint Pierre and Miquelon in the North Atlantic, the French West Indies, and many islands in Oceania and the Indian Ocean. Due to its several coastal territories, France has the largest exclusive economic zone in the world. France borders Belgium, Luxembourg, Germany, Switzerland, Monaco, Italy, Andorra, and Spain in continental Europe, as well as the Kingdom of the Netherlands, Netherlands, Suriname, and Brazil in the Americas via its overseas territories in French Guiana and Saint Martin (island), ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Smokeless Powder
Finnish smokeless powderSmokeless powder is a type of propellant used in firearms and artillery that produces less smoke and less fouling when fired compared to gunpowder ("black powder"). The combustion products are mainly gaseous, compared to around 55% solid products (mostly potassium carbonate, potassium sulfate, and potassium sulfide) for black powder. In addition, smokeless powder does not leave the thick, heavy fouling of hygroscopic material associated with black powder that causes rusting of the barrel. Despite its name, smokeless powder is not completely free of smoke; while there may be little noticeable smoke from small-arms ammunition, smoke from artillery fire can be substantial. Originally invented in 1884 by Paul Vieille, the most common formulations are based on nitrocellulose, but the term was also used to describe various picrate mixtures with nitrate, chlorate, or dichromate oxidizers during the late 19th century, before the advantages of nitrocellulose beca ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1966 In France
Events from the year 1966 in France. Incumbents * President: Charles de Gaulle * Prime Minister: Georges Pompidou Events *4 January – A gas leak fire at the Feyzin oil refinery near Lyon, kills 18 and injures 84. *10 January – ''L'Express'' publishes a story of Georges Figon, who took part in the kidnapping of Mehdi Ben Barka. *18 January – Police announce that Georges Figon committed suicide, prior to his arrest for the kidnapping of Mehdi Ben Barka. *7 March – Charles de Gaulle asks U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson for negotiations about the state of NATO equipment in France. *11 March – President Charles de Gaulle states that French troops will be taken out of NATO and that all French NATO bases and HQ's must be closed within a year. *17 June – An Air France personnel strike begins. *20 June – President Charles de Gaulle starts visit to the Soviet Union. *30 June – France formally leaves NATO. *26 August – Riots occur in French Somaliland. *30 August – Fran ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marcel Tabuteau
Marcel Tabuteau (2 July 18874 January 1966) was a French-American oboist who is considered the founder of the American school of oboe playing. Life Tabuteau was born in Compiègne, Oise, France, and given a post in the city's municipal wind band at age eleven. He then studied at the Conservatoire de Paris with the legendary oboist Georges Gillet. Walter Damrosch brought Tabuteau, together with French musicians flutist Georges Barrère, bassoonist Auguste Mesnard, clarinetist Leon Leroy, and Belgian trumpeter Adolphe Dubois to New York in 1905 to play in his New York Symphony Orchestra. Damrosch was fined by the musicians' union for not advertising for musicians from New York, but the emigrating musicians were allowed to stay. Shilkret, Nathaniel, ed. Shell, Niel and Barbara Shilkret, ''Nathaniel Shilkret: Sixty Years in the Music Business'', Scarecrow Press, Lanham, Maryland, 2005, p. 27; see also caption to centerfold picture of Henri Leon Leroy. In 1906 Tabuteau returned to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1978 In France
Events from the year 1978 in France. Incumbents * President: Valéry Giscard d'Estaing * Prime Minister: Raymond Barre Events *February – Launch of the Horizon front-wheel drive hatchback by Chrysler Europe, which will be built in France as a Simca and sold in Britain as a Talbot. *1 February – Hollywood film director Roman Polanski skips bail and flees to France, after pleading guilty to charges of engaging in sex with a 13-year-old girl. *12 March – Legislative Election held. *19 March – Legislative Election held. *April – Launch of the Renault 18 saloon and estates, replacement for the Renault 12. *4 May – Communist activist Henri Curiel is murdered in Paris. *10 May – Two years after buying Citroën, carmaker Peugeot makes another takeover by purchasing the European operations of American car giant Chrysler, owners of the French Simca and British Chrysler brands. *16 May – Amoco Cadiz runs aground off the coast of Brittany, split in two and spilled ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
André François-Poncet
André François-Poncet (13 June 1887 – 8 January 1978) was a French politician and diplomat whose post as ambassador to Germany allowed him to witness first-hand the rise to power of Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party, and the Nazi regime's preparations for World War II. François-Poncet was the son of a counselor of the Court of Appeals in Paris. A student of German studies at the Paris Institute of Political Studies, his first area of study was journalism. One of François-Poncet's early written works included observations made during several journeys to the German Empire in the years prior to World War I. During the war, he served as an infantry lieutenant. Between 1917 and 1919, he was assigned to the press office of the French embassy in Bern, Switzerland and later served with the International Economic Mission in the United States and in other diplomatic roles under a series of French leaders. François-Poncet became managing director of the ''Société d'études et d'inf ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1975 In France
Events from the year 1975 in France. Incumbents * President: Valéry Giscard d'Estaing * Prime Minister: Jacques Chirac Events *1 January – Work is abandoned on the British end of the Channel Tunnel. *March – Launch of the Renault 30, Renault's first postwar six-cylinder car and Renault's flagship car to compete with the likes of the Citroen CX and BMW 5 Series, and the first production car of its size to feature a hatchback. *6 March – A bomb explodes in the Paris offices of Springer Press. The 6 March Group (connected to the Red Army Faction) demands amnesty for the Baader-Meinhof Group. *6 July – The Comoros declare their independence from France. *September – Chrysler Europe launches the Simca 1307, a large five-door hatchback which will go on sale in Britain in the new year as the Chrysler Alpine. It is similar in size and design to the Renault 16, and is one of the first cars of its size to feature a hatchback. *15 September – The department of ''Corse'', com ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nobel Prize For Literature
) , image = Nobel Prize.png , caption = , awarded_for = Outstanding contributions in literature , presenter = Swedish Academy , holder = Annie Ernaux (2022) , location = Stockholm, Sweden , year = 1901 , reward = 10 million SEK (2022) , website = , year2 = 2022 , holder_label = Currently held by , previous = 2021 , main = 2022 , next = 2023 The Nobel Prize in Literature (here meaning ''for'' literature) is a Swedish literature prize that is awarded annually, since 1901, to an author from any country who has, in the words of the will of Swedish industrialist Alfred Nobel, "in the field of literature, produced the most outstanding work in an idealistic direction" (original Swedish: ''den som inom litteraturen har producerat det utmärktaste i idealisk rigtning''). Though individual works are sometimes cited as being particularly noteworthy, the award is based on an author's body of work as a who ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saint-John Perse
Alexis Leger (; 31 May 1887 – 20 September 1975), better known by his pseudonym Saint-John Perse (; also Saint-Leger Leger), was a French poet-diplomat, awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1960 "for the soaring flight and evocative imagery of his poetry." He was a major French diplomat from 1914 to 1940, after which he lived primarily in the United States until 1967. Early life Alexis Leger was born in Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe. His great-grandfather, a solicitor, had settled in Guadeloupe in 1815. His grandfather and father were also solicitors; his father was also a member of the city council. The Leger family owned two plantations, one of coffee (La Joséphine) and the other of sugar (Bois-Debout). In 1897, Hégésippe Légitimus, the first native Guadeloupan elected president of the Guadeloupe General Council, took office with a vindictive agenda towards colonists. The Leger family returned to metropolitan France in 1899 and settled in Pau. The young Alex ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1968 In France
Events from the year 1968 in France were categorized by protests and general unrest across the country as part of the many protests of 1968 that occurred across the globe in that year. Incumbents * President: Charles de Gaulle * Prime Minister: Georges Pompidou (until 10 July), Maurice Couve de Murville (starting 10 July) Events *27 January – French submarine sinks in the Mediterranean with 52 men on board. *22 March – Daniel Cohn-Bendit and seven other students occupy Administrative offices of the University of Nanterre, setting in motion a chain of events that will lead France to the brink of revolution in May. *23 April – surgeons at the Hôpital de la Pitié, Paris, perform Europe's first heart transplant operation. *May – student strike in May and June developed into widespread and unprecedented protests over poor working conditions and a rigid educational system, which threatened to bring down the government. *30 May – Georges Pompidou is returned as Prime ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paul Marie André Richaud
Paul-Marie-André Richaud (16 April 1887 – 5 February 1968) was a French Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He was Archbishop of Bordeaux from 1950 until his death, and was elevated to the cardinalate in 1958. Biography Paul Richaud was born in Versailles, and there attended the major seminary before going to Rome to study at the Pontifical Gregorian University. Ordained to the priesthood on 28 June 1913, he then finished his studies in 1915 at the Pontifical University of St. Thomas Aquinas, ''Angelicum'' where he obtained a doctorate in philosophy. Richaud did pastoral work in Versailles until 1931, when he became its Vicar General and Vice-Assistant General of the French Catholic Action. On 19 December 1933 Richaud was appointed Auxiliary Bishop of Versailles and Titular Bishop of Irenopolis in Isauria by Pope Pius XI. He received his episcopal consecration on 25 January 1934 from Bishop Benjamin Roland-Gosselin, with Bishops Pierre-Marie Gerlier and Georges Lou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1993 In France
Events from the year 1993 in France. Incumbents * President: François Mitterrand * Prime Minister: Pierre Bérégovoy (until 29 March), Édouard Balladur (starting 29 March) Events January to March *28 January – Philippe Bernard, the French ambassador to Zaire, is killed in an attack on the French Embassy in Kinshasa by soldiers rioting against Zaire's President Mobutu Sese Seko. *16 February – A memorial dedicated to French casualties in the First Indochina War is inaugurated by President François Mitterrand in Fréjus. *18 February – Peugeot launches the 306 range of hatchbacks, estates, convertibles and saloons, which will mainly be built at Peugeot's factory near Coventry in England, which was formerly owned by the Rootes Group and the now-defunct European division of Chrysler. *7 March – Citroën launches the Xantia five-door hatchback, which replaces the 10-year-old BX. An estate model is due next year. *20 March - Peugeot launched the 306 hatchback, which rep ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
