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1861 In Science
The year 1861 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below. Astronomy * May 13 – Comet C/1861 J1 (the "Great Comet of 1861") first observed from Australia by John Tebbutt. Biology * Heinrich Anton de Bary, Anton de Bary publishes his first work on fungi, describing sexual reproduction in ''Peronospora''. * Charles Thorp, Archdeacon of Durham (d. 1862), arranges purchase of some of the Farne Islands off the north-east coast of England and employment of a warden to protect threatened seabird species. Chemistry * March 30 – William Crookes announces his discovery of thallium. * Rubidium is discovered by Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff, in Heidelberg, Germany, in the mineral lepidolite through the use of their spectroscope. * Aleksandr Butlerov is instrumental in creating the theory of chemical structure. * Johann Josef Loschmidt, Josef Loschmidt publishes ''Chemische Studien'', proposing two-dimensional representations for over 300 molecules and re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Science
Science is a systematic endeavor that builds and organizes knowledge in the form of testable explanations and predictions about the universe. Science may be as old as the human species, and some of the earliest archeological evidence for scientific reasoning is tens of thousands of years old. The earliest written records in the history of science come from Ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia in around 3000 to 1200 BCE. Their contributions to mathematics, astronomy, and medicine entered and shaped Greek natural philosophy of classical antiquity, whereby formal attempts were made to provide explanations of events in the physical world based on natural causes. After the fall of the Western Roman Empire, knowledge of Greek conceptions of the world deteriorated in Western Europe during the early centuries (400 to 1000 CE) of the Middle Ages, but was preserved in the Muslim world during the Islamic Golden Age and later by the efforts of Byzantine Greek scholars who brought Greek ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
