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1749 In Literature
This article contains information about the literary events and publications of 1749. Events *February – The second part of John Cleland's erotic novel ''Fanny Hill (Memoirs of a Woman of Pleasure)'' appears in London. He is released from debtor's prison in March. The Church of England asks the Secretary of State to "stop the progress of this vile Book, which is an open insult upon Religion and good manners." In November, Cleland is arrested again, charged with "corrupting the King's subjects." *February 28 – Henry Fielding's picaresque comic novel ''The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling'' is published in London by Andrew Millar, who pays the author £700. It reaches four editions by the end of the year. During this year, Fielding becomes magistrate at Bow Street and enlists help from the Bow Street Runners, an early police force. *April 12 – Oxford's circular Radcliffe Library, designed by James Gibbs, opens. *April 17 – Charles Macklin plays Lovegold in Henry Fielding' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Cleland
John Cleland (c. 1709, baptised – 23 January 1789) was an English novelist best known for his fictional '' Fanny Hill: or, the Memoirs of a Woman of Pleasure'', whose eroticism led to his arrest. James Boswell called him "a sly, old malcontent". Publication of ''Fanny Hill'' John Cleland began courting the Portuguese in a vain attempt to reestablish the Portuguese East India Company. In 1748, Cleland was arrested for an £840 debt (equivalent to a purchasing power of about £100,000 in 2005) and committed to Fleet Prison, where he remained for over a year. It was while he was in prison that Cleland finalised ''Memoirs of a Woman of Pleasure.'' The text probably existed in manuscript for a number of years before Cleland developed it for publication. The novel was published in two instalments, in November 1748 and February 1749. In March of that year, he was released from prison. However, Cleland was arrested again in November 1749, along with the publishers and printer of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
James Gibbs
James Gibbs (23 December 1682 – 5 August 1754) was one of Britain's most influential architects. Born in Aberdeen, he trained as an architect in Rome, and practised mainly in England. He is an important figure whose work spanned the transition between English Baroque architecture and Georgian architecture heavily influenced by Andrea Palladio. Among his most important works are St Martin-in-the-Fields (at Trafalgar Square), the cylindrical, domed Radcliffe Camera at Oxford University, and the Senate House at Cambridge University. Gibbs very privately was a Roman Catholic and a Tory. Because of this and his age, he had a somewhat removed relation to the Palladian movement which came to dominate English architecture during his career. The Palladians were largely Whigs, led by Lord Burlington and Colen Campbell, a fellow Scot who developed a rivalry with Gibbs. Gibbs' professional Italian training under the Baroque master Carlo Fontana also set him uniquely apart from the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thomas Cannon
Thomas Cannon (1720–?)Gladfelder, Hal ''Fanny Hill in Bombay: The Making and Unmaking of John Cleland'', Johns Hopkins University Press, 2012, p. 46 of Gray's Inn was an English author of the 18th century. He wrote what may be the earliest published defence of homosexuality in English, ''Ancient and Modern Pederasty Investigated and Exemplify'd'' (1749)Gladfelder, Hal ''In Search of Lost Texts:Thomas Cannon’s Ancient and Modern Pederasty Investigated and Exemplify’d'' Eighteenth-Century Life, Volume 31, Number 1, Winter 2007,pp. 22-38 and may also have collaborated with John Cleland, author of ''Fanny Hill''.Gladfelder, Hal ''Fanny Hill in Bombay: The Making and Unmaking of John Cleland'', Johns Hopkins University Press, 2012 Life A son of Robert Cannon, Dean of Lincoln, Cannon had a serious falling out with Cleland which indirectly led to his prosecution.Orells, Daniel ''Classical Culture and Modern Masculinity'', Oxford University Press, 2011, p2-3 In 1748, Cleland was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Brown (essayist)
John Brown (5 November 1715 – 23 September 1766) was an England, English Anglican priest, playwright and essayist. Life He was born in 1715 at Rothbury, Northumberland, the son of the Rev. John Brown (1677–1763), vicar of Wigton from that year, and his wife Eleanor Troutbeck, née Potts. He matriculated at St John's College, Cambridge in 1732, graduating B.A. 1736, and M.A. 1739; he became D.D. in 1755. Graduating as senior wrangler, Brown took holy orders, and was appointed minor canon and lecturer at Carlisle, Cumbria, Carlisle. In the 1745 Jacobite Rebellion he took part in the defence of Carlisle as a volunteer, and in 1747 was appointed chaplain to Richard Osbaldiston, on his appointment to the bishopric of Carlisle. In 1756 Brown was promoted by the Philip Yorke, 1st Earl of Hardwicke, Earl of Hardwicke to the living of Great Horkesley in Essex. In 1760 he was made vicar of St Nicholas Church, Newcastle upon Tyne. Brown was consulted, through Daniel Dumaresq, abo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
George Berkeley
George Berkeley (; 12 March 168514 January 1753) – known as Bishop Berkeley (Bishop of Cloyne of the Anglican Church of Ireland) – was an Anglo-Irish philosopher whose primary achievement was the advancement of a theory he called "immaterialism" (later referred to as " subjective idealism" by others). This theory denies the existence of material substance and instead contends that familiar objects like tables and chairs are ideas perceived by the mind and, as a result, cannot exist without being perceived. Berkeley is also known for his critique of abstraction, an important premise in his argument for immaterialism. In 1709, Berkeley published his first major work, '' An Essay Towards a New Theory of Vision'', in which he discussed the limitations of human vision and advanced the theory that the proper objects of sight are not material objects, but light and colour. This foreshadowed his chief philosophical work, ''A Treatise Concerning the Principles of Human Knowledg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Joseph Ames (author)
Joseph Ames (23 January 1689 – 7 October 1759) was an England, English bibliographer and antiquary. He purportedly wrote an account of printing in England from 1471 to 1600 entitled ''Typographical Antiquities'' (1749). It is uncertain whether he was by occupation a ship's chandler, a pattern-maker, a plane iron maker or an ironmonger. Though never educated beyond grammar school, he prospered in trade and amassed valuable collections of rare books and antiquities.. Life He was the eldest child of John Ames, a master in the merchant service and sixth son of Joseph Ames (naval commander), Captain Joseph Ames, R.N. Joseph Ames was born at Great Yarmouth, Yarmouth on 23 January 1689 and was educated at a small grammar school in Wapping. He lost his father at age 12 and three years later was apprenticed to a plane maker in King Street or Queen Street, near the Guildhall, City of London. He then moved to Wapping near the Hermitage, where his father had previously settled, and establ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trinity College Dublin
, name_Latin = Collegium Sanctae et Individuae Trinitatis Reginae Elizabethae juxta Dublin , motto = ''Perpetuis futuris temporibus duraturam'' (Latin) , motto_lang = la , motto_English = It will last into endless future times , founder = Queen Elizabeth I , established = , named_for = Trinity, The Holy Trinity.The Trinity was the patron of The Dublin Guild Merchant, primary instigators of the foundation of the University, the arms of which guild are also similar to those of the College. , previous_names = , status = , architect = , architectural_style =Neoclassical architecture , colours = , gender = , sister_colleges = St. John's College, CambridgeOriel College, Oxford , freshman_dorm = , head_label = , head = , master = , vice_head_label = , vice_head = , warden ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oliver Goldsmith
Oliver Goldsmith (10 November 1728 – 4 April 1774) was an Anglo-Irish novelist, playwright, dramatist and poet, who is best known for his novel ''The Vicar of Wakefield'' (1766), his pastoral poem ''The Deserted Village'' (1770), and his plays ''The Good-Natur'd Man'' (1768) and ''She Stoops to Conquer'' (1771, first performed in 1773). He is thought to have written the classic children's tale ''The History of Little Goody Two-Shoes'' (1765). Biography Goldsmith's birth date and year are not known with certainty. According to the Library of Congress authority file, he told a biographer that he was born on 10 November 1728. The location of his birthplace is also uncertain. He was born either in the townland of Pallas, near Ballymahon, County Longford, Ireland, where his father was the Anglican curate of the parish of Forgney, or at the residence of his maternal grandparents, at the Smith Hill House near Elphin in County Roscommon, where his grandfather Oliver Jones was a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Élie Catherine Fréron
Élie Catherine Fréron (20 January 1718 – 10 March 1776) was a French literary critic and controversialist whose career focused on countering the influence of the ''philosophes'' of the French Enlightenment, partly through his vehicle, the ''Année littéraire''.Jean Balcou, ''Fréron contre les philosophes'' (Geneva) 1975. Thus Fréron, in recruiting young writers to counter the literary establishment became central to the movement now called the Counter-Enlightenment. Biography Fréron was born at Quimper in Brittany and educated by the Jesuits. He made such rapid academic progress that he was appointed professor at the college of Louis-le-Grand before he turned twenty. He became a contributor to the ''Observations sur les écrits modernes'' of the abbé Pierre Desfontaines. The very fact of his collaboration with Desfontaines, one of Voltaire's bitterest enemies, was sufficient to arouse the latter's hostility, and although Fréron had begun his career as one of his admire ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
School Story
The school story is a fiction genre centring on older pre-adolescent and adolescent school life, at its most popular in the first half of the twentieth century. While examples do exist in other countries, it is most commonly set in English boarding schools and mostly written in girls' and boys' subgenres, reflecting the single-sex education typical until the 1950s. It focuses largely on friendship, honour and loyalty between pupils. Plots involving sports events, bullies, secrets, rivalry and bravery are often used to shape the school story. The popularity of the traditional school story declined after the Second World War, but school stories have remained popular in other forms, with a focus on state run coeducational schools, and themes involving more modern concerns such as racial issues, family life, sexuality and drugs (see Grange Hill). More recently it has seen a revival with the success of the ''Harry Potter'' series, which uses many plot motifs commonly found in the tradi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Governess, Or The Little Female Academy
''The Governess; or, The Little Female Academy'' (published 1749) by Sarah Fielding is the first full-length novel written for children.As such and in itself it is a significant work of 18th-century children's literature.H. Carpenter and M. Prichard, 1984. ''The Oxford Companion to Children's Literature'', Oxford University Press. Overview ''The Governess, or The Little Female Academy'' is a book about a boarding school run by Mrs Teachum. The story takes place over ten days, not including some initial background information and an epilogue. On each day except for the first, all or part of a text is read aloud to students by Miss Jenny Peace. Afterwards one or more of the pupils is physically described, followed by an account of their life story. These are written to appear as if spoken by each girl and recorded by Miss Jenny. Each session of reading is capped by an appearance from Mrs Teachum, who explains the lesson to be learnt from each experience. Emphasis is given to the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sarah Fielding
Sarah Fielding (8 November 1710 – 9 April 1768) was an English author and sister of the novelist Henry Fielding. She wrote ''The Governess, or The Little Female Academy'' (1749), thought to be the first novel in English aimed expressly at children. Earlier she had success with her novel ''The Adventures of David Simple'' (1744). Childhood Sarah Fielding was born at East Stour, Dorset in 1710 to Edmund Feilding '' ic' and his wife Sarah, ''née'' Gould (died 1718),''The Feminist Companion to Literature in English. Women Writers from the Middle Ages to the Present'', Virginia Blain, Patricia Clements and Isobel Grundy, eds (London, Batsford, 1990), pp. 370–371. after Henry and Ursula; her younger siblings were Anne, Beatrice, and Edmund. Sarah's father, Edmund, the third son of John Feilding, was a military officer and relative of the Earls of Denbigh (his father, John, had been the youngest son of the 3rd Earl). Although Edmund spelled his last name "Feilding" as often as "Fi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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