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1638 In England
Events from the year 1638 in England. Incumbents * Monarch – Charles I * Secretary of State – Sir John Coke Events * 18 April – flogging of John Lilburne for refusing to swear an oath when brought before the court of Star Chamber for distributing Puritan publications. * 12 June – trial of John Hampden for non-payment of ship money concludes: a narrow majority of judges find the tax to be legal. * 21 October – The Great Thunderstorm at Widecombe-in-the-Moor in Devon: 4 are killed and around 60 injured when probable ball lightning strikes the parish church. * The Queen's House at Greenwich, designed by Inigo Jones in 1616 as the first major example of classical architecture in the country, is completed for Henrietta Maria.Display captions at house, October 2016. * John Milton's elegy "Lycidas" is published. Births * 24 January – Charles Sackville, 6th Earl of Dorset, poet and courtier (died 1706) * 6 March– Henry Capell, 1st Baron Capell, First Lord of the British Ad ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1638
Events January–March * January 4 – **A naval battle takes place in the Indian Ocean off of the coast of Goa at South India as a Netherlands fleet commanded by Admiral Adam Westerwolt decimates the Portuguese fleet. **A fleet of 80 Spanish ships led by Governor-General Sebastián Hurtado de Corcuera attacks the Sultanate of Sulu in the Philippines by beginning an invasion of Jolo island, but Sultan Muwallil Wasit I puts up a stiff resistance. * January 8 – The siege of Shimabara Castle ends after 27 days in Japan's Tokugawa shogunate (now part of Nagasaki prefecture) as the rebel peasants flee reinforcements sent by the shogun Tokugawa Iemitsu. * January 22 – The Shimabara and Amakusa rebels, having joined up after fleeing the shogun's troops, begin the defense of the Hara Castle in what is now Minamishimabara in the Nagasaki prefecture. The siege lasts more than 11 weeks before the peasants are killed. * February 28 – The Scottish National Covenant is s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Henrietta Maria Of France
Henrietta Maria (french: link=no, Henriette Marie; 25 November 1609 – 10 September 1669) was Queen of England, Scotland, and Ireland from her marriage to King Charles I on 13 June 1625 until Charles was executed on 30 January 1649. She was mother of his sons Charles II and James II and VII. Contemporaneously, by a decree of her husband, she was known in England as Queen Mary, but she did not like this name and signed her letters "Henriette R" or "Henriette Marie R" (the "R" standing for ''regina'', Latin for "queen".) Henrietta Maria's Roman Catholicism made her unpopular in England, and also prohibited her from being crowned in a Church of England service; therefore, she never had a coronation. She immersed herself in national affairs as civil war loomed, and in 1644, following the birth of her youngest daughter, Henrietta, during the height of the First English Civil War, was compelled to seek refuge in France. The execution of Charles I in 1649 left her impoverished. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1607 In England
Events from the 1600s in England. This decade marks the end of the Elizabethan era with the beginning of the Jacobean era and the Stuart period. Incumbents * Monarch – Elizabeth I (until 24 March 1603), then James I * Parliament – 10th of Queen Elizabeth I (starting 27 October, until 19 December 1601), Blessed (starting 19 March 1604) Events * 1600 ** January – in Ireland, Hugh O'Neill, 2nd Earl of Tyrone, renews the Nine Years' War against England with an invasion of Munster. ** 11 February–March – clown William Kempe ("Will Kemp") morris dances from London to Norwich. ** c. April – publication of Ben Jonson's play ''Every Man out of His Humour''; it goes through three editions this year. ** 26 July – the original Banbury Cross is demolished on the orders of a Puritan local corporation. ** 31 December – East India Company granted a Royal Charter. ** William Shakespeare's plays '' Henry IV, Part 2'', ''Henry V'', ''The Merchant of Venice'', ''A Midsummer Ni ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Harvard (clergyman)
John Harvard (16071638) was an English dissenting minister in Colonial America whose deathbed bequest to the founded two years earlier by the Massachusetts Bay Colony was so gratefully received that it was consequently ordered "that the agreed upon formerly to built at called Harvard ." Harvard University considers him the most honored of its founders—those whose efforts and contributions in its early days "ensure its permanence"—and a statue in his honor is a prominent feature of Harvard Yard. Life Early life Harvard was born and raised in Southwark, Surrey, England, (now part of London), the fourth of nine children of Robert Harvard (1562–1625), a butcher and tavern owner, and his wife Katherine Rogers (1584–1635), a native of Stratford-upon-Avon. Her father, Thomas Rogers (1540–1611), served on the borough corporation's council with John Shakespeare. Harvard was baptised in St Saviour's Church (now Southwark Cathedral) and attended St Saviour's Grammar Sch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1691 In England
Events from the year 1691 in England. Incumbents * Monarchs – William III and Mary II * Parliament – 2nd of William and Mary Events * April – John Tillotson enthroned as Archbishop of Canterbury. * 9 April – a fire at the Palace of Whitehall in London destroys its Stone Gallery. * June – first performance of the semi-opera ''King Arthur'' with a libretto by John Dryden and music by Henry Purcell. * 3 September – HMS ''Coronation'' and HMS ''Harwich'' are lost in a storm while making for shelter in Plymouth Sound with 900 killed. * 18 September – War of the Grand Alliance: English and Dutch forces defeated by the French at the Battle of Leuze. * 3 October – the Treaty of Limerick ends the Williamite War in Ireland. The Flight of the Wild Geese – the departure of the Jacobite army – follows. Births * 27 February – Edward Cave, editor and publisher (died 1754) * 29 September – Richard Challoner, Catholic prelate (died 1781) * 1 October – Arthur Onslow, p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William Sacheverell
William Sacheverell (1638 – 9 October 1691) was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons in two periods between 1670 and 1691. Life Sacheverell was the son of Henry Sacheverell, a country gentleman, by his wife Joyce Mansfield. His family had been prominent in Derbyshire and Nottinghamshire since the 12th century; William inherited large estates from his father. He was admitted to Gray's Inn in 1667, and in 1670 he was elected Member of Parliament for Derbyshire. He immediately gained a prominent position in the party hostile to the Court, and before he had been in the House of Commons for six months, he proposed a resolution that all "popish recusants" should be removed from military commands; the motion, enlarged so as to include civil employment, was carried without a division on 28 February 1672–1673. This resolution was the forerunner of the Test Act, in the preparation of which Sacheverell took an active part, and which caused the breakup of the cabal. Sach ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1709 In Great Britain
Events from the year 1709 in Great Britain. Incumbents * Monarch – Anne * Parliament – 2nd Events * January to March – unusually cold weather (the Great Frost of 1709) brings floating ice into the North Sea. * 10 January – Abraham Darby I successfully produces cast iron using coke fuel at his Coalbrookdale blast furnace in Shropshire. * 1 or 2 February – during his first voyage, Captain Woodes Rogers on the ''Duke'' encounters marooned privateer Alexander Selkirk and rescues him after four years living on one of the Juan Fernández Islands, inspiring Defoe's book ''Robinson Crusoe''. After sacking Guayaquil, he and Selkirk will visit the Galapagos Islands. * 5 February – dramatist John Dennis devises the thundersheet as a new method of producing theatrical thunder for his tragedy ''Appius and Virginia'' at the Theatre Royal, Drury Lane, London. * 12 April – first edition of ''The Tatler'' magazine published. * May – first influx of poor refugee families of Ger ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ralph Montagu, 1st Duke Of Montagu
Ralph Montagu, 1st Duke of Montagu (24 December 1638 – 9 March 1709) was an English courtier and diplomat. Background Ralph Montagu was the second son of Edward Montagu, 2nd Baron Montagu of Boughton (1616–1684), and Anne Winwood, daughter of the Secretary of State Ralph Winwood. The peerage of his father was one of several granted in the seventeenth century to different members of the Montagu family. Sir Edward Montagu, Chief Justice of the King's Bench in the time of Henry VIII, was grandfather of the 1st Earl of Manchester, and of the 1st Baron Montagu of Boughton (1562–1644), who was imprisoned in the Tower by the Parliament on account of his loyalty to Charles I. The eldest son of the latter, Edward, who succeeded him as the 2nd Baron, took the side of the Parliament in the Civil War, and was one of the lords who conducted the king from Newark-on-Trent to Holmby House in January 1647, after he was handed over by the Scots, to whom he had initially surrendered, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Henry Hyde, 2nd Earl Of Clarendon
Henry Hyde, 2nd Earl of Clarendon, PC (2 June 163831 October 1709) was an English aristocrat and politician. He held high office at the beginning of the reign of his brother-in-law, King James II. Early life He was the eldest son of Edward Hyde, 1st Earl of Clarendon, and his second wife, Frances Aylesbury. He was thus a brother of Anne Hyde, and maternal uncle to both Queen Mary II and Queen Anne. Both he and his brother Laurence Hyde were brought up partly at Antwerp and Breda, by their mother. Clarendon before 1660 made use of Henry as copyist, decipherer, and confidential secretary, in his correspondence with distant royalists. Under Charles II Soon after the return of his family to England, in 1660, Hyde married Theodosia Capell, daughter of Arthur Capell, 1st Baron Capell of Hadham, and Elizabeth Morrison, and sister of Mary Capell, Duchess of Beaufort. She died in 1661, and in 1670, he married secondly to Flower Backhouse, daughter of William Backhouse and Anne Rich ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1696 In England
Events from the year 1696 in England. Incumbents * Monarch – William III * Parliament – 3rd of King William III Events * January ** Great Recoinage of 1696: The Parliament of England passes the Recoinage Act. ** Colley Cibber's play ''Love's Last Shift'' is first performed at the Theatre Royal, Drury Lane in London. * 27 January – the ship HMS ''Royal Sovereign'' (formerly ''HMS Sovereign of the Seas'', 1638) catches fire and burns at Chatham, after 57 years of service. * 15 February – a Jacobite assassination attempt against King William III is foiled. * March – Habeas Corpus suspended during a Jacobite invasion scare. * April – window tax introduced. * May – Great Recoinage of 1696: Shortage of silver coinage results in the guinea being officially revalued at 21 shillings, instead of 30. * 21 November – John Vanbrugh's play '' The Relapse, or Virtue in Danger'' first performed at the Theatre Royal, Drury Lane. Undated * Board of Trade and Plantations establish ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Henry Capell, 1st Baron Capell
Henry Capell, 1st Baron Capell of Tewkesbury KB, PC (1638 – 30 May 1696) was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons between 1660 and 1692. He was then created Baron Capell. Early life Henry Capell was born in Hadham Parva, Hertfordshire. He was the son of Arthur Capell, 1st Baron Capell of Hadham and Elizabeth Morrison. He was baptised on 6 March 1638. His father was raised to the peerage in 1641 and he died fighting for the King in the civil wars in 1649 as one of the commanders of the Colchester garrison. Henry's eldest brother was Arthur Capell, 1st Earl of Essex. Career Capel founded the Royal Botanic Gardens at Kew. Later Capel was elected Member of Parliament for Tewkesbury in the Convention Parliament. He was invested as a Knight of the Order of the Bath, on 23 April 1661. In 1661, he was re-elected MP for Tewkesbury in the Cavalier Parliament. He was a member of the Irish Privy Council, from April 1673 to March 1684/85. Capell was re-elected MP ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1706 In England
Events from the year 1706 in England. Incumbents * Monarch – Anne * Parliament – 2nd of Queen Anne Events * February – Regency Act (backdated to 1705) requires the senior officers of state to proclaim the next Protestant heir (at this time, Sophia of Hanover) as successor to the English throne on the death of Queen Anne. * 8 April – George Farquhar's play ''The Recruiting Officer'' first performed at the Theatre Royal, Drury Lane. * 11 May – War of the Spanish Succession: British troops relieve Barcelona from a French siege. * 23 May – War of the Spanish Succession: English troops led by John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough together with Dutch and German troops defeat the French at the Battle of Ramillies. * 22 July – Treaty of Union provides for England and Scotland to be merged into the Kingdom of Great Britain in 1707. * 21 August – War of the Spanish Succession: Franco-Spanish assault on the British colony at Charleston, South Carolina repelled. * Oc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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