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1979 Salvadoran Coup D'état
The 1979 Salvadoran coup d’état was a military coup d'état that occurred in El Salvador on 15 October 1979. The coup, led by young military officers, bloodlessly overthrew military President Carlos Humberto Romero and sent him into exile. The National Conciliation Party's firm grasp on power was cut, and in its place, the military established the Revolutionary Government Junta of El Salvador (JRG). The junta was composed of two military officers and three civilians. The Revolutionary Government Junta declared itself to be a "reformist junta" which would pass political and economic reforms. In reality, it continued to crack down on political opposition, especially after the rise of several leftist militant groups in the early 1980s. The coup is commonly cited as the beginning of the twelve year-long Salvadoran Civil War. Background The National Conciliation Party (PCN) had held a firm grasp on Salvadoran politics since the 1961 Salvadoran Constitutional Assembly electio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Salvadoran Civil War
The Salvadoran Civil War ( es, guerra civil de El Salvador) was a twelve year period of civil war in El Salvador that was fought between the government of El Salvador and the Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front (FMLN), a coalition or "umbrella organization" of left-wing groups. A coup on 15 October 1979 followed by government killings of anti-coup protesters is widely seen as the start of civil war. The war did not formally end until 16 January 1992 with the signing of the Chapultepec Peace Accords in Mexico City. The United Nations (UN) reports that the war killed more than 75,000 people between 1979 and 1992, along with approximately 8,000 disappeared persons. Violations of the most basic human rights – particularly the kidnapping, torture, and murder of suspected FMLN sympathizers by state security forces and paramilitary death squads – were pervasive. The Salvadoran government was considered an ally of the U.S. in the context of the Cold War. During the Car ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United States
The United States of America (U.S.A. or USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It consists of 50 states, a federal district, five major unincorporated territories, nine Minor Outlying Islands, and 326 Indian reservations. The United States is also in free association with three Pacific Island sovereign states: the Federated States of Micronesia, the Marshall Islands, and the Republic of Palau. It is the world's third-largest country by both land and total area. It shares land borders with Canada to its north and with Mexico to its south and has maritime borders with the Bahamas, Cuba, Russia, and other nations. With a population of over 333 million, it is the most populous country in the Americas and the third most populous in the world. The national capital of the United States is Washington, D.C. and its most populous city and principal financial center is New York City. Paleo-Americ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Unified Popular Action Front
Unified Popular Action Front (in Spanish: ''Frente de Acción Popular Unificada'') was a revolutionary mass front in El Salvador, linked to the Fuerzas Armadas de la Resistencia Nacional. FAPU was formed in 1974. It consisted of trade union, student, peasants and teachers organizations. In 1980 FAPU was one of the founding organizations of Coordinadora Revolucionaria de Masas {{Unreferenced, date=December 2009 Coordinadora Revolucionaria de Masas (Revolutionary Mass Coordination) was a coordination of revolutionary mass organizations in El Salvador formed on January 11, 1980. The major action in its history was a Januar .... Defunct political parties in El Salvador Salvadoran Civil War {{ElSalvador-party-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United Front For Revolutionary Action
The United Front for Revolutionary Action (, abbreviated as FUAR) was a short-lived militant organization which was the paramilitary wing of the Communist Party of El Salvador from 1962 to 1964. The organization, which was led by Schafik Hándal, did not carry out any militant activities. A combination of targeting by the National Democratic Organization on orders of President Julio Adalberto Rivera Carballo and Communist Party General-Secretary Cayetano Carpio's decision to abolish the group led to the group's disestablishment in 1964. See also *Communist Party of El Salvador *Unified Popular Action Front *Christian Federation of Salvadoran Peasants The Christian Federation of Salvadoran Peasants (, abbreviated as FECCAS) was a Salvadoran peasant union which had connections to the Christian Democratic Party. History The Christian Federation of Salvadoran Peasants was created by the Natio ... References 1960s establishments in El Salvador 1960s disestablishmen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Humberto Romero 1977
Humberto is a Portuguese and Spanish masculine given name of Germanic origin. It may refer to: *Humberto Aguilar Coronado *Humberto Ak'ab'al *Humberto Albiñana * Humberto Albornoz *Humberto Alonso Morelli * Humberto Alonso Razo * Humberto Andrade Quezada *Humberto André Redes Filho * Humberto Anguiano *Humberto Arencibia * Humberto Aspitia * Humberto Ballesteros *Humberto Barbosa *Humberto Bedford *Humberto Benítez Treviño * Humberto Biazotti *Humberto Blasco *Humberto Brenes * Humberto Briceño *Humberto Briseño Sierra *Humberto Bruni Lamanna *Humberto Calzada *Humberto Castellanos *Humberto Castro *Humberto Cervantes Vega *Humberto Clayber *Humberto Coelho *Humberto Contreras *Humberto Costa *Humberto Costantini *Humberto Cota *Humberto Cruz *Humberto Curi *Humberto De la Calle *Humberto Delgado *Humberto Domingo Mayans * Humberto Donoso * Humberto Dávila Esquivel *Humberto Díaz Casanueva * Humberto Elgueta *Humberto Elizondo *Humberto Fernandes *Humberto Fernández Morán * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Venezuela
Venezuela (; ), officially the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela ( es, link=no, República Bolivariana de Venezuela), is a country on the northern coast of South America, consisting of a continental landmass and many islands and islets in the Caribbean Sea. It has a territorial extension of , and its population was estimated at 29 million in 2022. The capital and largest urban agglomeration is the city of Caracas. The continental territory is bordered on the north by the Caribbean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean, on the west by Colombia, Brazil on the south, Trinidad and Tobago to the north-east and on the east by Guyana. The Venezuelan government maintains a claim against Guyana to Guayana Esequiba. Venezuela is a federal presidential republic consisting of 23 states, the Capital District and federal dependencies covering Venezuela's offshore islands. Venezuela is among the most urbanized countries in Latin America; the vast majority of Venezuelans live in the cities of the n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arturo Armando Molina
Colonel Arturo Armando Molina Barraza (6 August 1927 – 18 July 2021) was a Salvadoran politician and military officer, who served as President of El Salvador from 1972 to 1977. He was born in San Salvador. He served between 1 July 1972 and 1 July 1977. The 1973 oil crisis led to rising food prices and decreased agricultural output. This worsened the existent socioeconomic inequality in the country, leading to increased unrest. In response, Molina enacted a series of land reform measures, calling for large landholdings to be redistributed among the peasant population.Walter, Williams (1997). ''Militarization and Demilitarization in El Salvador’s Transition to Democracy''. p. 90. Molina was distrusted by the oligarchy and the right-wing military, and was resented by the opposition from whom he had stolen power. His attempts to silence opposition included the military occupation of the University of El Salvador in 1972, as well as violently suppressing student protests that er ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Opposing Union
The National Opposing Union ( es, Unión Nacional Opositora, abbreviated as UNO) was a Salvadoran political coalition which existed from 1972 to 1979. The coalition was composed of the Christian Democratic Party, the National Revolutionary Movement, and the Nationalist Democratic Union. History The coalition was formed to oppose the National Conciliation Party, the military controlled political party which controlled El Salvador. UNO ran in the presidential elections of 1972 and 1977 Events January * January 8 – Three bombs explode in Moscow within 37 minutes, killing seven. The bombings are attributed to an Armenian separatist group. * January 10 – Mount Nyiragongo erupts in eastern Zaire (now the Democrat .... The elections were rigged however and despite sources claiming that UNO won both elections, official reports stated that the PCN won both elections.Herman, Edward S. and Frank Brodhead (1984) ''Demonstration elections: U.S.-staged elections in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
José Napoleón Duarte
José Napoleón Duarte Fuentes (23 November 1925 – 23 February 1990) was a Salvadoran politician who served as President of El Salvador from 1 June 1984 to 1 June 1989. He was mayor of San Salvador before running for president in 1972. He lost, but the election is widely viewed as fraudulent. Following a coup d'état in 1979, Duarte led the subsequent civil-military Junta from 1980 to 1982. He was then elected president in 1984, defeating ARENA party leader Roberto D'Aubuisson. Supported by the Reagan Administration and the Central Intelligence Agency, his time in office occurred during the worst years of the Salvadoran Civil War which saw numerous abuses and massacres of the civilian population by the Salvadoran security forces and the death squads linked to them. Early life Duarte was born in Santa Ana in the department of the same name. While he was studying at Liceo Salvadoreño in May 1944, he took part in the protests that brought down the twelve-year-old regime of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1972 Salvadoran Presidential Election
Presidential elections were held in El Salvador on 20 February 1972.Dieter Nohlen (2005) ''Elections in the Americas: A data handbook, Volume I'', p. 276 The result was a victory for Arturo Armando Molina of the Party of National Conciliation (PCN), who received 43.4% of the vote. However, the election was characterised by massive fraud. The PCN had faced a strong challenge from left- and right-wing opposition, and as a result had tried to rig the election by holding the presidential elections two weeks before the legislative election (which took place on 12 March) to ensure that if Molina failed to pass the 50% mark, the Legislative Assembly would still be under PCN control to approve him as president. Despite their attempts to stuff ballot boxes, it looked for a while as though José Napoleón Duarte of the opposition National Opposing Union (UNO, a coalition of the Christian Democratic Party National Revolutionary Movement and Nationalist Democratic Union) had been victoriou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Legislative Assembly Of El Salvador
The Legislative Assembly ( es, Asamblea Legislativa) is the legislative branch of the government of El Salvador. Structure The Salvadoran legislature is a unicameral body. It is made up of 84 deputies, all of whom are elected by direct popular vote according to open-list proportional representation to serve three-year terms and are eligible for immediate re-election. Of these, 64 are elected in 14 multi-seat constituencies, corresponding to the country's 14 departments, which return between 3 and 16 deputies each. The remaining 20 deputies are selected on the basis of a single national constituency. To be eligible for election to the Assembly, candidates must be (Art. 126, Constitution): *over 25; *Salvadoran citizens by birth, born of at least one parent to be a Salvadorian citizen; *of recognised honesty and education, and *have not had the privilege of one's rights as a citizen cancelled in the previous five years. Current Standing by Party XIII legislative composit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Christian Democratic Party (El Salvador)
The Christian Democratic Party ( es, Partido Demócrata Cristiano, links=no) is a Christian democratic party in El Salvador. After being officially disbanded by the Supreme Court in 2011, it continued to work under the name of Party of Hope ( es, Partido de la Esperanza), before re-taking its original name in 2012. In the legislative elections, held on 16 March 2003, the party won 7.3% of the popular vote and 5 out of 84 seats in the Legislative Assembly. In the presidential election of 21 March 2004, the PDC supported Héctor Silva Argüello of the United Democratic Centre, who won 3% of the vote. In the 12 March 2006 legislative election, the party won 6.8% of the popular vote and 6 out of 84 seats. The party had a similar level of support for the 2009 legislative elections, winning 6% of the vote and 5 seats. History The Christian Democratic Party is the longest lasting of El Salvador's two leading parties. It was the left-of-center party while the Party of National Concil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
