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1940 Costa Rican General Election
General elections were held in Costa Rica on 11 February 1940.Nohlen, D (2005) ''Elections in the Americas: A data handbook, Volume I'', p155 Rafael Ángel Calderón Guardia of the Independent National Republican Party won the presidential election. Voter turnout was 80.8% in the presidential election and 65.6% in the parliamentary election.Nohlen, p156 Since 1938, two tendencies had begun to emerge in the ranks of the Republican Party, one revolving around the popular ex president Ricardo Jiménez Oreamuno and another around the young doctor and charismatic politician Rafael Angel Calderón Guardia. Jiménez, however, an old man, would gradually leave power and influence, and the "Jimenismo" lost ground to Calderonismo, which also has full support from the government chaired by León Cortés Castro who pressures Jiménez into retirement. To prevent a triumph of the Calderonismo a coalition was tried between the Communist Party A communist party is a political party that s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Calderón Guardia 1940 Cropped
Calderón () is a Spanish and Sefardi occupational surname. It is derived from the Vulgar Latin "''caldaria''" ("cauldron") and refers to the occupation of tinker. Calderón, or Calderon, may refer to: * Alberto Calderón, Argentine mathematician * Alfonso Calderon (activist), Spanish born activist and advocate for gun control * Alfonso Calderón (poet), Chilean poet and writer * Bernardo Calderón Cabrera, Mexican architect * Charles Calderon (born 1950), California lawyer and politician, brother of Ron * Cleofé Calderón, Argentine botanist * Diego de Landa Calderón, an early Bishop in the Yucatán * Felipe Calderón, President of Mexico * Felipe G. Calderón, Filipino constitutionalist * Francisco García Calderón, President of Peru in 1881 * Francisco García Calderón Rey, Peruvian writer and diplomat, representative at the Evian Conference in 1938 * Iñigo Calderón, Spanish footballer playing at Brighton & Hove Albion * Iván Calderón (boxer), Puerto Rican boxer * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Independent National Republican Party
The National Republican Party ( es, Partido Republicano Nacional; PRN) was a political party in Costa Rica. History A loosely liberal party was founded under the leadership of Máximo Fernández Alvarado known simply as Republican Party in 1901, its candidate was Fernández himself three times. The party's candidate Ricardo Jiménez Oreamuno was elected president in 1910. A non-elected president member of the party was Alfredo González Flores who became the only president of Costa Rica appointed by the Congress. After electing Jiménez on three occasions, the party also secured the election of León Cortés Castro in 1936, Rafael Ángel Calderón Guardia in 1940 and Teodoro Picado Michalski in 1944 becoming a dominant party. During Calderón's leadership the party moved toward Christian democracy and Christian socialism making some of the country's first social reforms in alliance with the Communist Party. Criticism over corruption, authoritarianism and voting fraud agains ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1940 Elections In Central America
Year 194 ( CXCIV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Septimius and Septimius (or, less frequently, year 947 '' Ab urbe condita''). The denomination 194 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By place Roman Empire * Emperor Septimius Severus and Decimus Clodius Septimius Albinus Caesar become Roman Consuls. * Battle of Issus: Septimius Severus marches with his army (12 legions) to Cilicia, and defeats Pescennius Niger, Roman governor of Syria. Pescennius retreats to Antioch, and is executed by Severus' troops. * Septimius Severus besieges Byzantium (194–196); the city walls suffer extensive damage. Asia * Battle of Yan Province: Warlords Cao Cao and Lü Bu fight for control over Yan Province; the battle lasts for over 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Virgilio Salazar Leiva
Virgilio, the Italian and Spanish form of Virgil may refer to: *Virgilio, Lombardy, a ''frazione'' of the ''comune'' of Borgo Virgilio in the Italian province of Mantua *Virgilio.it, a website People with the given name *Virgilio Barco Vargas (1921-1997), Colombian politician and civil engineer, 27th president of Colombia *Virgilio Fiorenzi (1560–1644), Italian Roman Catholic bishop *Virgilio Fossati (1889–1918), Italian footballer *Virgilio Garcillano (born 1948), Filipino politician * Virgilio "Jhong" Hilario (born 1976), Filipino actor, dancer, and politician *Virgilio Noè (1922-2011), Italian Cardinalate *Virgilio Piñera (1912-1979), Cuban writer and poet Surname *Maria Andrea Virgilio Maria Andrea Virgilio (born 17 November 1996) is an Italian Paralympic archer. She won bronze in the Women's individual compound open at the 2020 Summer Paralympics in Tokyo. She competed at the 2018 European Para Archery Championships, and 20 ... (born 1996), Italian Paralympic arc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Manuel Mora
Manuel Mora Valverde (27 August 1909 – 29 December 1994) was a communist and labor leader in Costa Rica. He was born in San José and helped to found the Workers and Farmers Party (later the People's Vanguard Party) in 1931. For his contributions to the labor movement and to the institution of a welfare state, Mora was awarded the title '' Benemérito de la Patria'' by the Legislative Assembly. See also * Social Guarantees Social Guarantees were a series of progressive political reforms made in Costa Rica in the 1940s for the benefit of the working classes. They came about as a result of the alliance between various political and religious figures. Though a widespre ... External links *A short biography 1909 births 1994 deaths People from San José, Costa Rica Costa Rican people of Spanish descent People's Vanguard Party (Costa Rica) politicians People of the Costa Rican Civil War Costa Rican revolutionaries Costa Rican atheists {{CostaRica-politician-stu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Communist Party Of Costa Rica
The People's Vanguard Party, or Popular Vanguard Party () is a communist party in Costa Rica. PVP was founded in 1931 as the Workers and Farmers Party, but was soon renamed to the Communist Party of Costa Rica (''Partido Comunista de Costa Rica''). From 1931 to 1947, the party published '' Trabajo'' as a communist newspaper. The PVP's current publication is ''El Popular''. History In 1943 the party was renamed as PVP, in order to facilitate its alliance with the Catholic Church and the government, whose reformist policies the party supported. In 1949 the party was banned. Its militants began working under the name 'Partido Acción Socialista Obrera'.Rouquié, Alain/Arnaud, Hélène. ''Les Forces politiques en Amérique centrale''. KARTHALA Editions, 1991. p. 39-40 In the mid-1960s the U.S. State Department estimated the party membership to be approximately 300.Benjamin, Roger W.; Kautsky, John H.. Communism and Economic Development', in The American Political Science Review, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rafael Angel Calderón Guardia
Rafael may refer to: * Rafael (given name) or Raphael, a name of Hebrew origin * Rafael, California * Rafael Advanced Defense Systems, Israeli manufacturer of weapons and military technology * Hurricane Rafael, a 2012 hurricane Fiction * ''Rafael'' (TV series), a Mexican telenovela * ''Rafaël'' (film), a 2018 Dutch film People * Rafael (footballer, born 1978) (Rafael Pires Vieira), Brazilian football striker * Rafael (footballer, born 1979) (Rafael da Silva Santos), Brazilian football defender * Rafael (footballer, born 1980) (Rafael Pereira da Silva), Brazilian football right-back * Rafael (footballer, born March 1982) (Rafael de Andrade Bittencourt Pinheiro), Brazilian football goalkeeper * Rafael (footballer, born August 1982) (Rafael dos Santos Silva), Brazilian football striker * Rafael (footballer, born 1984) (Alberto Rafael da Silva), Brazilian football goalkeeper * Rafael (footballer, born 1986) (Rafael Diego de Souza), Brazilian football centre-back * Rafael (foo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ricardo Jiménez Oreamuno
Romualdo Ricardo Jiménez Oreamuno (February 6, 1859 – January 4, 1945) served as president of Costa Rica on three occasions: 1910–1914, 1924–1928 and 1932–1936. He was one of the best known lawyers in Costa Rican history and a University of Santo Tomás graduate. Shortly before assuming power in 1910, the province of Cartago was hit by a powerful earthquake which destroyed most of the city and killed hundreds. One of his main struggles was the rebuilding of the biggest city in the country at the time. After the earthquake, Jiménez outlawed construction with adobe. Another notable aspect of his first term was the consolidation of the country's external debt with a great part of the debt owed to France being repaid. During his second term in office, he created the National Insurance Bank, The Bank of Mortgage Credit, the School of Agriculture and founded the Ministry of Health. He also began the electrification of the Pacific railway system and the creation of the Paci ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Republican Party (Costa Rica)
The Republican Party ( es, Partido Republicano, PR) was a political party in Costa Rica. History The party first contested national elections in 1902, when Máximo Fernández Alvarado was its presidential candidate. Fernández finished second to the National Union Party candidate Ascensión Esquivel Ibarra. Fernández finished second again in the 1906 elections. Ricardo Jiménez Oreamuno was the party's presidential candidate in 1910. Although Fernández received the most votes in the 1913 presidential elections, he failed to secure a majority and declined to take up the post; Dieter Nohlen (2005) ''Elections in the Americas: A data handbook, Volume I'', p186 Congress subsequently elected Alfredo González Flores as president. In the 1915 parliamentary elections the party received 67% of the vote. Costa Rica was briefly a one-party state under president Federico Tinoco Granados for the 1917 and January 1919 elections. Although the Republican Party received only 4% of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Costa Rica
Costa Rica (, ; ; literally "Rich Coast"), officially the Republic of Costa Rica ( es, República de Costa Rica), is a country in the Central American region of North America, bordered by Nicaragua to the north, the Caribbean Sea to the northeast, Panama to the southeast, the Pacific Ocean to the southwest, and Maritime boundary, maritime border with Ecuador to the south of Cocos Island. It has a population of around five million in a land area of . An estimated 333,980 people live in the capital and largest city, San José, Costa Rica, San José, with around two million people in the surrounding metropolitan area. The sovereign state is a Unitary state, unitary Presidential system, presidential Constitution of Costa Rica, constitutional republic. It has a long-standing and stable democracy and a highly educated workforce. The country spends roughly 6.9% of its budget (2016) on education, compared to a global average of 4.4%. Its economy, once heavily dependent on agricultu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rafael Ángel Calderón Guardia
Rafael Ángel Calderón Guardia (March 8, 1900 – June 9, 1970) was a Costa Rican medical doctor and politician, who served as President from 1940 to 1944. Early life Rafael Angel Calderón Guardia was born on 8 March 1900 in San José. In his youth, Calderón Guardia studied in Costa Rica, France and Belgium, where he married Yvonne Clays Spoelders, who was later to be the first female diplomat of Costa Rica. After finishing his studies in Belgium, Calderón Guardia became a medical doctor and practicing surgeon, which he would remain for most of his life, even after serving as president. He became the Municipal President of San Jose at the age of 30 and in 1934 he won a seat in congress as a member of the Republican Party before being backed as a presidential candidate by then President Leon Cortes Castro in 1940. Presidency In 1940, with the support of conservative coffee elites, Calderón was elected President of Costa Rica. Shortly after becoming president-elect, he met ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
León Cortés Castro
León Cortés Castro (December 8, 1882 – March 3, 1946) was a Costa Rican politician. He served as President of Costa Rica from 1936 to 1940. During his term he introduced new bank reforms, supported banana plantations in the South Pacific region, and established ports at Quepos and Golfito. His administration is often referred to as the "iron bars and cement administration" because of the various construction projects undertaken during his presidency, including the construction of the former International Airport of La Sabana. He was the last of a series of relatively conservative Presidents. He considered changes to allow him to pursue re-election as President, but ultimately backed down due to a Constitutional ban on consecutive terms. He was succeeded by Rafael Ángel Calderón Guardia, who ultimately broke with tradition and substantially increased the scope of the social state.SeIan Holzhauer, "The Presidency of Calderón Guardia" (University of Florida History Thesis, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
