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1931 Salvadoran General Election
General elections were held in El Salvador on 11 and 13 January 1931. Arturo Araujo won the presidential elections running on a Labor Party (El Salvador), Labor Party-National Republican Party (El Salvador), National Republican Party ticket. Background Previous elections had usually seen the incumbents choosing their successors, allowing the oligarchy perpetual control of the country's politics. However, on this occasion Pío Romero Bosque failed to designate a successor, resulting in a wide variety of candidates. Whilst Arajuo obtained a plurality of the votes, he had failed to secure a majority. However, the newly elected Assembly consisted largely of Arajuo supporters, and when convenened on 12 February, allowed him to assume the presidency. However, Araujo, a landowner with progressive ideals, had the misfortune of taking office in the midst of massive labor and student strikes. Martial law was declared, and soon the military, upset about not having received its pay and supp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arturo Araujo
Arturo Araujo Fajardo (1878 – December 1, 1967) was the president of El Salvador from March 1, 1931, to December 2, 1931. He was overthrown in a military coup led by junior officers, and was forced to flee the country for Guatemala. An agricultural leader and engineer, Araujo had been elected in what is generally reckoned as the country's first honest presidential contest. Arturo Araujo was a distant relative of Manuel Enrique Araujo. Pachita Tennant Mejía de Pike, who is familiar with the history of Salvadoran families, says that the Araujo family mostly comes from the town of Jucuapa, in the department of Usulután, El Salvador. However, Arturo Araujo's family originally came from Suchitoto, in the department of Cuscatlán, moving to Santa Tecla around 1885. His parents were Enriqueta Fajardo de Araujo and Dr. Eugenio Araujo, Finance Minister in the Administration of General Francisco Menéndez. He spent some time studying in Liverpool, England. It was there that Araujo b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
El Salvador
El Salvador (; , meaning " The Saviour"), officially the Republic of El Salvador ( es, República de El Salvador), is a country in Central America. It is bordered on the northeast by Honduras, on the northwest by Guatemala, and on the south by the Pacific Ocean. El Salvador's capital and largest city is San Salvador. The country's population in 2022 is estimated to be 6.5 million. Among the Mesoamerican nations that historically controlled the region are the Lenca (after 600 AD), the Mayans, and then the Cuzcatlecs. Archaeological monuments also suggest an early Olmec presence around the first millennium BC. In the beginning of the 16th century, the Spanish Empire conquered the Central American territory, incorporating it into the Viceroyalty of New Spain ruled from Mexico City. However the Viceroyalty of Mexico had little to no influence in the daily affairs of the isthmus, which was colonized in 1524. In 1609, the area was declared the Captaincy General of Guatemala by t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1931 In El Salvador
The following lists events that happened in 1931 in El Salvador. Incumbents *President: Pío Romero Bosque (until 1 March), Arturo Araujo (1 March - 2 December), Civic Directory (2 December - 4 December), Maximiliano Hernández Martínez (starting 4 December) *Vice President: Gustavo Vides (until 1 March), Maximiliano Hernández Martínez (1 March - 2 December), Vacant (starting 2 December) Events January * 11–13 January – Voters in El Salvador voted Labor candidate Arturo Araujo as President with 46.65% of the vote in El Salvador's first free and fair election.Nohlen, D (2005) ''Elections in the Americas: A data handbook Vol. 1'' Oxford University Press, p287 March * 1 March – Arturo Araujo was sworn in as President of El Salvador. Maximiliano Hernández Martínez was sworn in as Vice President. December * 2 December – The Armed Forces of El Salvador deposed President Araujo in a military coup d'état and established the Civic Directory. * 4 December – General M ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Legislative Elections In El Salvador
A legislature is an assembly with the authority to make laws for a political entity such as a country or city. They are often contrasted with the executive and judicial powers of government. Laws enacted by legislatures are usually known as primary legislation. In addition, legislatures may observe and steer governing actions, with authority to amend the budget involved. The members of a legislature are called legislators. In a democracy, legislators are most commonly popularly elected, although indirect election and appointment by the executive are also used, particularly for bicameral legislatures featuring an upper chamber. Terminology The name used to refer to a legislative body varies by country. Common names include: * Assembly (from ''to assemble'') * Congress (from ''to congregate'') * Council (from Latin 'meeting') * Diet (from old German 'people') * Estates or States (from old French 'condition' or 'status') * Parliament (from French ''parler'' 'to speak') ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1931 Elections In Central America
Events January * January 2 – South Dakota native Ernest Lawrence invents the cyclotron, used to accelerate particles to study nuclear physics. * January 4 – German pilot Elly Beinhorn begins her flight to Africa. * January 22 – Sir Isaac Isaacs is sworn in as the first Australian-born Governor-General of Australia. * January 25 – Mohandas Gandhi is again released from imprisonment in India. * January 27 – Pierre Laval forms a government in France. February * February 4 – Soviet leader Joseph Stalin gives a speech calling for rapid industrialization, arguing that only strong industrialized countries will win wars, while "weak" nations are "beaten". Stalin states: "We are fifty or a hundred years behind the advanced countries. We must make good this distance in ten years. Either we do it, or they will crush us." The first five-year plan in the Soviet Union is intensified, for the industrialization and collectivization of agriculture. * February 10 – Official ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Constitutional Party (El Salvador)
Constitution Party, Constitutional Party, or Constitutionalist Party may refer to one of several political parties. Active parties * Progressive Party (China) or Constitutionalist Party, a political party in the Republic of China * Constitution Party (Egypt) * Constitution Party (Estonia) * National Constitution Party, a political party in Hungary * Democratic Party (Indonesia), a political party now-represented in lower chamber * Constitutionalist Party of Iran, a now-banned Iranian political party * Constitutional Party (Spain) * Constitution Party (United States) ** American Constitution Party (Colorado) ** Constitution Party of Oregon * Constitutional Party (Uruguay) Historical parties * Constitutional Party (Austria) * Constitutional Party (Costa Rica) * Constitution Party (United States, 1952), a former party in the United States * Constitutional Party (Malta) * Constitutional Party (Peru) * Constitutionalist Party (South Africa), see 1910 South African Senate electio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Miguel Tomás Molina
--> Miguel is a given name and surname, the Portuguese and Spanish form of the Hebrew name Michael. It may refer to: Places *Pedro Miguel, a parish in the municipality of Horta and the island of Faial in the Azores Islands *São Miguel (other), various locations in Azores, Portugal, Brazil and Cape Verde People * Miguel (surname) Arts, entertainment, and media * Miguel (singer) (born 1985), Miguel Jontel Pimentel, American recording artist *Miguel Bosé (born 1956), Spanish pop new wave musician and actor *Miguel Calderón (born 1971), artist and writer * Miguel Cancel (born 1968), former American singer *Miguel Córcega (1929–2008), Mexican actor and director * Miguel de Cervantes (1547–1616), Spanish author * Miguel Delibes (1920–2010), Spanish novelist * Miguel Ferrer (1955–2017), American actor *Miguel Galván (1957–2008), Mexican actor * Miguel Gómez (photographer) (born 1974), Colombian / American photographer. * Miguel Ángel Landa (born 1936), Venezu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1931 Salvadoran Coup D'état
The 1931 Salvadoran coup d'état occurred on 2 December 1931. The coup overthrew President Arturo Araujo and led to the establishment of the Civic Directory. The coup began 48 years of military rule in El Salvador which lasted until the 1979 Salvadoran coup d'état. Coup and Directory The Salvadoran Armed Forces toppled the government of the democratically elected President, Arturo Araujo, the candidate of the Labor Party. During his administration, El Salvador faced political tension and public unrest. Tax reforms also failed to succeed due to resistance from the wealthy class. The final straw for the coup was an attempt to reduce the military budget which was met by heavy resistance by military officers. With the government being unable to pay wages to military officers, the army staged the coup to remove Arturo Araujo’s administration at 10 p.m. on 2 December 1931. The military officers established the Civic Directory as a provisional government whose members were: ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dieter Nohlen
Dieter Nohlen (born 6 November 1939) is a German academic and political scientist. He currently holds the position of Emeritus Professor of Political Science in the Faculty of Economic and Social Sciences of the University of Heidelberg. An expert on electoral system An electoral system or voting system is a set of rules that determine how elections and referendums are conducted and how their results are determined. Electoral systems are used in politics to elect governments, while non-political elections ma ...s and political development, he has published several books. IDEA Bibliography Books published by Nohlen include: *''Electoral systems of the world'' (in German, 1978) *''Lexicon of politics'' (seven volumes) *''Elections and Electoral Systems'' (1996) *''Electi ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Republican Party (El Salvador)
The National Republican Party () was a Salvadoran political party that existed from 1930 to 1931. The party was founded by Brigadier General Maximiliano Hernández Martínez and ran in the 1931 general election. The party joined a coalition with Arturo Araujo's Labor Party during the 1931 general election.Nohlen, D (2005) ''Elections in the Americas: A data handbook Vol. 1'' Oxford University Press, p287 The coalition failed to win a majority but Araujo was elected president by the Legislative Assembly and Maximiliano Hernández Martínez became Vice President. The party was dissolved following the 1931 Salvadoran coup d'état but was later turned into the National Pro Patria Party.Grieb, Kenneth J (1971) "The United States and the rise of General Maximiliano Hernández Martínez" ''Journal of Latin American Studies'' 3, 2 p152 Electoral history Presidential elections Legislative Assembly elections See also *1931 Salvadoran general election *Labor Party (El ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Democratic Party (El Salvador)
The National Democratic Party () was a Salvadoran political party that existed from 1913 to 1931. The party held power from 1913 to 1931 in a time period of El Salvador known as the Meléndez–Quiñónez dynasty. El Salvador was called a "coffee republic" during the reign of the PND due to the country's heavy reliance on coffee exports. The party ruled as the country's sole political party.Garcia, Miguel Angel (1928) ''Diccionario Histórico Enciclopédico de la República de El Salvador. Vol. II'' San Salvador pp 118-119 The party did not participate in the 1931 general election since President Pío Romero Bosque did not designate a successor like his predecessors had done.Grieb, Kenneth J (1971) "The United States and the rise of General Maximiliano Hernández Martínez" ''Journal of Latin American Studies'' 3, 2 p152 The party was dissolved following the 1931 coup d'état when all political parties where banned. Electoral history Presidential elections Legislati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Labor Party (El Salvador)
The Labor Party () was a Salvadoran political party that existed from 1930 to 1931. The party was founded by Arturo Araujo in 1930. The party joined a coalition with Maximiliano Hernández Martínez's National Republican Party during the 1931 general election.Nohlen, D (2005) ''Elections in the Americas: A data handbook Vol. 1'' Oxford University Press, p287 The coalition failed to win a majority but Araujo was elected president by the Legislative Assembly. The party dissolved following the 1931 Salvadoran coup d'état when all political parties were banned.Grieb, Kenneth J (1971) "The United States and the rise of General Maximiliano Hernández Martínez" ''Journal of Latin American Studies'' 3, 2 p152 Electoral history Presidential elections Legislative Assembly elections See also *1931 Salvadoran general election *National Republican Party (El Salvador) The National Republican Party () was a Salvadoran political party that existed from 1930 to 1931. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
