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1926 Spanish Coup D'état
In 1926 there was an unsuccessful Coup d'état, attempt to overthrow the dictatorship of Primo de Rivera, who had been installed in Spain by 1923 Spanish coup d'état, another coup d'état in September 1923. The coup attempt, also known as the ''Sanjuanada'' because it was planned to take place on the night of June 24, the Saint John's Eve, Night of San Juan, was the first coup d'état attempt against the regime. Background Eduardo González Calleja has said that the military policy of the dictatorship "was chaotic and contradictory." The situation could be exemplified by the Rif War, Morocco problem (first defending the "''abandonist''" position, supported by the military ''Defence Juntas, junteros'' and questioned by the ''Africanist (Spain), Africanist'' military, and then the interventionist position, supported by the ''Africanist (Spain), Africanists'' and criticised by the ''junteros''). The situation is also and example of the promotion policy, which became inconsistent and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coup D'état
A coup d'état (; French for 'stroke of state'), also known as a coup or overthrow, is a seizure and removal of a government and its powers. Typically, it is an illegal seizure of power by a political faction, politician, cult, rebel group, military, or a dictator. Many scholars consider a coup successful when the usurpers seize and hold power for at least seven days. Etymology The term comes from French ''coup d'État'', literally meaning a 'stroke of state' or 'blow of state'. In French, the word ''État'' () is capitalized when it denotes a sovereign political entity. Although the concept of a coup d'état has featured in politics since antiquity, the phrase is of relatively recent coinage.Julius Caesar's civil war, 5 January 49 BC. It did not appear within an English text before the 19th century except when used in the translation of a French source, there being no simple phrase in English to convey the contextualized idea of a 'knockout blow to the existing administratio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Melquíades Álvarez (politician)
Melquíades Álvarez Gónzalez-Posada ( Gijón, May 17, 1864 - Madrid, August 22, 1936) was a Spanish Republican politician, founder and leader of the Reformist Republican Party ''(Partido Republicano Reformista)'', commonly known just as Reformist Party and President of the Congress of Deputies between 1922 and 1923. Biography He studied Law at the University of Oviedo (Asturias) and collaborated with Asturian liberal newspapers. He was friend of the famous writer Clarín and he started working as a lawyer in Oviedo. In 1898 he was elected to the Congress as Liberal candidate and was appointed Professor of Roman Law at the University of Oviedo. In 1899, he turned into Republican and in 1906 he was elected Republican congressman. He was one of the organizers of the Liberal Block in 1908 against the Conservative Prime Minister Antonio Maura and of the Republican-Socialist Conjunction in 1909. In 1912, he founded with Gumersindo de Azcárate and José Ortega y Gasset the Refor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alfonso XIII
Alfonso XIII (17 May 1886 – 28 February 1941), also known as El Africano or the African, was King of Spain from 17 May 1886 to 14 April 1931, when the Second Spanish Republic was proclaimed. He was a monarch from birth as his father, Alfonso XII, had died the previous year. Alfonso's mother, Maria Christina of Austria, served as regent until he assumed full powers on his sixteenth birthday in 1902. Alfonso XIII's upbringing and public image were closely linked to the military estate, often presenting himself as a soldier-king. His effective reign started four years after the so-called 1898 Disaster, with various social factions projecting their expectations of national regeneration upon him. Similarly to other European monarchs of his time, he played an important political role, entailing a highly controversial use of his constitutional executive powers. His wedding with Victoria Eugenie of Battenberg in 1906 was marked by a regicide attempt, from which he escaped unhar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maria Christina Of Austria
Maria Christina Henriette Desideria Felicitas Raineria of Austria ( es, María Cristina de Habsburgo-Lorena; 21 July 1858 – 6 February 1929) was the second queen consort of Alfonso XII of Spain. She was queen regent during the vacancy of the throne between her husband's death in November 1885 and the birth of their son Alfonso XIII in May 1886, and subsequently also until the coming of age of the latter in May 1902. Early life Known to her family as Christa, she was born at Židlochovice Castle (Groß Seelowitz), near Brünn (now Brno), in Moravia, a daughter of Archduke Karl Ferdinand of Austria and his wife, Archduchess Elisabeth Franziska of Austria. Her paternal grandparents were Archduke Charles of Austria and Princess Henriette Alexandrine of Nassau-Weilburg. Various sources attributed good traits to Maria Christina before her marriage. One states she was "tall, fair, sensible, and well educated". She was Princess-Abbess of the Theresian Royal and Imperial Ladies Cha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Valeriano Weyler
Valeriano Weyler y Nicolau, 1st Duke of Rubí, 1st Marquess of Tenerife (17 September 1838 – 20 October 1930) was a Spanish general and colonial administrator who served as the Governor-General of the Philippines and Cuba, and later as Spanish Minister for War. Early life and career Weyler was born in 1838 in Palma de Mallorca, Spain. His distant paternal ancestors were originally Prussians and served in the Spanish army for several generations. He was educated in his place of birth and in Granada. Weyler decided to enter the Spanish army, being influenced by his father, a military doctor. He graduated from the Infantry School of Toledo at the age of 16. At 20, Weyler had achieved the rank of lieutenant, and he was appointed the rank of captain in 1861. In 1863, he was transferred to Cuba, and his participation in the campaign of Santo Domingo earned him the Laureate Cross of Saint Ferdinand. During the Ten Years' War that was fought between 1868 and 1878, he served a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reformist Party (Spain)
The Reformist Party (formally and less-commonly known as the Reformist Republican Party; es, Partido Reformista; 1912–1931) was a political party in early 20th-century Spain. It was founded in 1912 by Melquíades Álvarez, Gumersindo de Azcárate, and José Ortega y Gasset. In the 1914 election, the party elected 11 members to the Congress of Deputies The Congress of Deputies ( es, link=no, Congreso de los Diputados, italic=unset) is the lower house of the Cortes Generales, Spain's legislative branch. The Congress meets in the Palace of the Parliament () in Madrid. It has 350 members elect .... The party ceased to exist during the Second Republic, which began in 1931. Election results References Liberal parties in Spain Radical parties Republican parties in Spain Political parties established in 1912 1912 establishments in Spain José Ortega y Gasset {{spain-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Restoration (Spain)
The Restoration ( es, link=no, Restauración), or Bourbon Restoration (Spanish: ''Restauración borbónica''), is the name given to the period that began on 29 December 1874—after a coup d'état by General Arsenio Martínez Campos ended the First Spanish Republic and restored the monarchy under Alfonso XII—and ended on 14 April 1931 with the proclamation of the Second Spanish Republic. After almost a century of political instability and many civil wars, the aim of the Restoration was to create a new political system, which ensured stability by the practice of '' turnismo''. This was the deliberate rotation of the Liberal and Conservative parties in the government, often achieved through electoral fraud. Opposition to the system came from Republicans, Socialists, Anarchists, Basque and Catalan nationalists, and Carlists. Alfonso XII and the Regency of Maria Christina (1874–1898) The '' pronunciamiento'' by Martínez Campos established Alfonso XII as king, marking the e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
José Giral
José Giral y Pereira (22 October 1879 – 23 December 1962) was a Spanish politician, who served as the 75th Prime Minister of Spain during the Second Spanish Republic. Life Giral was born in Santiago de Cuba. He had degrees in Chemistry and Pharmacy from the University of Madrid. In 1905 he became professor of chemistry in the University of Salamanca. He founded Acción Republicana with Manuel Azaña. During the dictatorship of Miguel Primo de Rivera he conspired against the regime, and was imprisoned three times. When the Second Republic was declared, he was named director of the Universidad Complutense de Madrid and advisor of State. Between 1931 and 1933 he served as Minister of the Navy. After the failure of Diego Martínez Barrio to form a government to restrain the military revolt of 17 July 1936, Azaña ordered Giral to form a new government constituted exclusively by republicans. This 133rd Prime Minister government lasted from 19 July to 4 September 1936. Then, w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Universidad Central
The Central University (''Universidad Central'') is a private institution of higher education established 1966, whose two offices are at Bogotá, Colombia. It offers undergraduate and graduate programs in the areas of humanities, arts, economic and administrative sciences and engineering. History Central University was founded in 1966 by a group of Colombian educators seeking to expand access to higher education for all sectors of society. On 30 June of that year, Raul Vasquez Velez, Ruben Reyes Amaya, Alberto Gomez Moreno, Eduardo Varela Mendoza, Tellez Elberto Camacho, Jorge Enrique Molina and Darío Samper, signed the act establishing the Central University Foundation. Symbol The image of the university was built on the curubo leaf (Passiflora mollissima tripartite), a creeper of family Passifloraceae, which is native to tropical and temperate South America. Because it is an indigenous plant and strongly linked to culture, traditional medicine and food of the aboriginal com ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Republican Alliance
The Republican Alliance () was a Spanish political platform that brought together several republican parties and groups during the dictatorship of Primo de Rivera. The alliance was formed on 11 February 1926, and consisted of four political groups ranging in various types of republicanism: * the Radical Republican Party of Alejandro Lerroux, founded in 1908, had distanced itself from its original anti-clericalism and anti-Catalanism stance and became a moderate party; * the Federal Republican Party, a historic republican party lacking in militancy, which soon left the alliance; * the Republican Action Group, predecessor of Republican Action, formed in 1925, headed by Manuel Azaña and included young professionals and intellectuals (such as José Giral, Luis Jiménez de Asúa, and Ramón Pérez de Ayala), coming mostly from the Ateneo de Madrid; * and the , founded in 1917 by Marcelino Domingo and Lluís Companys, which constituted the left wing of political Catalanism. * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Centro Cultural De Los Ejércitos
The Centro Cultural de los Ejércitos (in English, Cultural Centre of the Armed Forces) is an educational military society currently located at Gran Vía 13 in Madrid. The building is also commonly known as the Casino Militar. History of the society Beginning in the mid-nineteenth century, the need was felt for the creation of an institution to promote the study of military science. The then Centre of the Army and the Navy was founded in 1881 in a building at the one end of Calle de Fuencarral. After changing its location several times, the centre bought a plot of land on the new Gran Vía, bordering Calle del Clavel and Calle del Caballero de Gracia. It soon become that the space was not enough. A smaller annex was added, bringing the total to 965 square meters. When the Air Force was incorporated in 1940, the institution was renamed as the Cultural Centre of the Armed Forces. As of 2021, the Cultural Centre of the Armed Forces continues to carry out cultural and educatio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gabriel Cardona
In Abrahamic religions ( Judaism, Christianity and Islam), Gabriel (); Greek: grc, Γαβριήλ, translit=Gabriḗl, label=none; Latin: ''Gabriel''; Coptic: cop, Ⲅⲁⲃⲣⲓⲏⲗ, translit=Gabriêl, label=none; Amharic: am, ገብርኤል, translit=Gabrəʾel, label=none; arc, ܓ݁ܰܒ݂ܪܺܝܐܝܶܠ, translit=Gaḇrīʾēl; ar, جِبْرِيل, Jibrīl, also ar, جبرائيل, Jibrāʾīl or ''Jabrāʾīl'', group="N" is an archangel with power to announce God's will to men. He is mentioned in the Hebrew Bible, the New Testament, and the Quran. Many Christian traditions — including Anglicanism, Eastern Orthodoxy, and Roman Catholicism — revere Gabriel as a saint. In the Hebrew Bible, Gabriel appears to the prophet Daniel to explain his visions ( Daniel 8:15–26, 9:21–27). The archangel also appears in the Book of Enoch and other ancient Jewish writings not preserved in Hebrew. Alongside the archangel Michael, Gabriel is described as the guard ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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