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1803 In Germany
Events in the year 1803 in Germany Incumbents Holy Roman Empire * Francis II (5 July 17926 August 1806) Important Electors * Baden- Charles Frederick (27 April 18036 August 1806) * Bavaria- Maximilian I (16 February 17996 August 1806) * Saxony- Frederick Augustus I (17 December 176320 December 1806) * Württemberg - Frederick I (180330 October 1816) Kingdoms * Kingdom of Prussia ** Monarch – Frederick William III of Prussia (16 November 17977 June 1840) Grand Duchies * Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin ** Frederick Francis I (24 April 17851 February 1837) * Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz ** Charles II (2 June 17946 November 1816) * Grand Duke of Oldenburg ** Wilhelm (6 July 17852 July 1823) Due to mental illness, Wilhelm was duke in name only, with his cousin Peter, Prince-Bishop of Lübeck, acting as regent throughout his entire reign. ** Peter I (2 July 182321 May 1829) * Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar ** Karl August (1758–1809) Raised to grand duchy in 180 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor
Francis II (german: Franz II.; 12 February 1768 – 2 March 1835) was the last Holy Roman Emperor (from 1792 to 1806) and the founder and Emperor of the Austrian Empire, from 1804 to 1835. He assumed the title of Emperor of Austria in response to the coronation of Napoleon as Emperor of the French. Soon after Napoleon created the Confederation of the Rhine, Francis abdicated as Holy Roman Emperor. He was King of Hungary, Croatia and Bohemia. He also served as the first president of the German Confederation following its establishment in 1815. Francis II continued his leading role as an opponent of Napoleonic France in the Napoleonic Wars, and suffered several more defeats after the Battle of Austerlitz. The marriage of his daughter Marie Louise of Austria to Napoleon on 10 March 1810 was arguably his severest personal defeat. After the abdication of Napoleon following the War of the Sixth Coalition, Austria participated as a leading member of the Holy Alliance at the Congress ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peter I, Grand Duke Of Oldenburg
Peter I or Peter Frederick Louis of Holstein-Gottorp (german: Peter Friedrich Ludwig von Holstein-Gottorp) (17 January 1755 – 21 May 1829) was the Regent of the Duchy of Oldenburg for his incapacitated cousin William I from 1785 to 1823, and then served himself as Duke from 1823 to 1829. He also served from 1785 to 1803 as the last Lutheran Prince-Bishop of Lübeck, until that Prince-Bishopric was secularized and joined to Oldenburg. His son, Augustus, was the first Duke of Oldenburg to use the style of Grand Duke that was granted in 1815. Early life Peter Frederick Louis was born on 17 January 1755 at Riesenburg, Prussia. He was the only surviving son of Prince Georg Ludwig of Holstein-Gottorp and Sophie Charlotte of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck. Marriage and issue On 6 June 1781, he married Duchess Frederica of Württemberg, the second daughter of Frederick II Eugene, Duke of Württemberg and his wife, Friederike Dorothea of Brandenburg-Schwedt. Frederica's siste ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heinrich XIII, Prince Reuss Of Greiz
Heinrich XIII, Prince Reuss of Greiz (german: link=no, Heinrich XIII Fürst Reuß zu Greiz; 16 February 174729 January 1817) was Prince Reuss of Greiz from 1800 to 1817. Early life Heinrich XIII was born at Greiz, Reuss, third child of Heinrich XI, Prince Reuss of Greiz (1722–1800), (son of Count Heinrich II Reuss of Obergreiz and Countess Sophie Charlotte of Bothmer) and his wife, Countess Conradine Reuss of Köstritz (1719–1770), (daughter of Heinrich XXIV, Count Reuss of Köstritz and Baroness Marie Eleonore Emma of Promnitz-Dittersbach). Prince Reuss of Greiz On the death of his father on 28 June 1800, Heinrich succeeded him as Prince Reuss of Greiz. After the devastation of Greiz by a fire in 1802, Heinrich XIII ordered that the city be rebuilt in a neoclassical style, and he moved his residence from the Oberes Schloss (Upper Castle) to the Unteres Schloss (Lower Castle), to be more in contact with the people and social life of the Principality. Heinrich XIII distin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Principality Of Reuss-Greiz
The Principality of Reuss-Greiz (german: Fürstentum Reuß-Greiz), called the Principality of the Reuss Elder Line (german: Fürstentum Reuß älterer Linie) after 1848, was a sovereign state in modern Germany, ruled by members of the House of Reuss. The Counts Reuss of Greiz, Lower-Greiz and Upper-Greiz (german: Reuß zu Greiz, Untergreiz und Obergreiz) were elevated to princely status in 1778 and thereafter bore the title of ''Prince Reuss, Elder Line'', or ''Prince Reuss of Greiz''. Similarly to the more numerous Reuss Junior Line, the male members of this house were all named "Heinrich", in honour of Emperor Heinrich VI, who had benefited the family. They were numbered sequentially by birth, rather than by reign, with the last series beginning with Heinrich I (born 1693) and ending with Heinrich XXIV (1878–1927). The territory had an area of 317 km2 and over 72,000 inhabitants in 1910. RG preserved the Frankfurt Parliament flag, which later became the Flag of Germa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Almanach De Gotha
The ''Almanach de Gotha'' (german: Gothaischer Hofkalender) is a directory of Europe's royalty and higher nobility, also including the major governmental, military and diplomatic corps, as well as statistical data by country. First published in 1763 by C.W. Ettinger in Gotha in Thuringia, Germany at the ducal court of Frederick III, Duke of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg, it came to be regarded as an authority in the classification of monarchies and their courts, reigning and former dynasties, princely and ducal families, and the genealogical, biographical and titulary details of Europe's highest level of aristocracy. It was published from 1785 annually by Justus Perthes Publishing House in Gotha, until 1944. The Soviets destroyed the ''Almanach de Gotha's'' archives in 1945. In 1992, the family of Justus Perthes re-established its right to use the name ''Almanach de Gotha''. In 1998, a London-based publisher, John Kennedy, acquired the rights for use of the title of ''Almanach de Goth ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Justus Perthes
Johann Georg Justus Perthes (11 September 1749, Rudolstadt, Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt – 2 May 1816, Gotha, Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg) was a German publisher and founder of the publishing house that bears his name. Life He was born in the Thuringian town of Rudolstadt, the son of a Schwarzburg court physician. From 1778 he worked as a bookseller in nearby Gotha, where he founded the cartographic publishing firm ''Justus Perthes Geographische Anstalt Gotha'' in 1785. In this, he was joined in 1814 by his son Wilhelm Perthes (1793–1853), who had been in the publishing house of Justus's nephew Friedrich Christoph Perthes at Hamburg. On Justus' death in Gotha, Wilhelm took over the firm and laid the foundation of the geographical branch of the business for which it is chiefly famous, by the first publishing of the '' Hand-Atlas'' from 1817–1823 after Adolf Stieler (1775–1836). Wilhelm Perthes engaged the collaboration of the most eminent German geographers of the time, in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leopold II, Prince Of Lippe
Leopold II of Lippe (Paul Alexander Leopold; 6 November 1796 – 1 January 1851) was the sovereign of the Principality of Lippe. He succeeded to the throne in 1802, and in 1820 he assumed control of the government from his mother, who had been acting as regent due to his youth at accession. Biography Leopold II was born in Detmold, the eldest child of Leopold I, the reigning prince of Lippe and his consort Princess Pauline of Anhalt-Bernburg (1769–1820). He succeeded as Prince of Lippe on his father's death on 5 November 1802. As he was just six years old, his mother Princess Pauline acted as regent until 3 July 1820, when he assumed control of the government. During the regency, his mother had introduced a constitution in 1819 which created an assembly which at the time had more executive powers than any other assembly in Germany. In 1825, he constructed a Court Theatre. Among those to perform at the theatre were Albert Lortzing and Ludwig Devrient, who were employed there ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Principality Of Lippe
Lippe (later Lippe-Detmold and then again Lippe) was a historical state in Germany, ruled by the House of Lippe. It was located between the Weser river and the southeast part of the Teutoburg Forest. It was founded in the 1640s under a separate branch of the House of Lippe. In 1910 it had an area of 1215 Kmq and over 150,000 inhabitants. History The founder of what would become the County of Lippe (1528–1789), then the Principality of Lippe (1789–1918) was Bernhard I, who received a grant of territory from Lothair III in 1123. Bernhard I assumed the title of ''Edler Herr zu Lippe'' ("Noble Lord at Lippe"). The history of the dynasty and its further acquisitions of land really began with Bernard II. His territory was probably formed out of land he acquired on the destruction of the Duchy of Saxony following the demise of Henry the Lion in 1180. From 1196 to 1666 the descendants of Bernard II passed their holdings from father to sons for sixteen generations. Thereafter unt ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Schwarzburg-Sondershausen
Schwarzburg-Sondershausen was a small principality in Germany, in the present day state of Thuringia, with its capital at Sondershausen. History Schwarzburg-Sondershausen was a county until 1697. In that year, it became a principality, which lasted until the fall of the German monarchies in 1918, during the German Revolution of 1918–1919. After the German Revolution, it became a republic and joined the Weimar Republic as a constituent state. In 1920, it joined with other small states in the area to form the new state of Thuringia. Schwarzburg-Sondershausen had an area of 862 km² (333 sq. mi.) and a population of 85,000 (1905). Towns placed in the state were: Arnstadt, Sondershausen, Gehren, Langewiesen, Großbreitenbach, Ebeleben, Großenehrich, Greußen and Plaue. Rulers of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen, 1552–1918 Counts of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen * 1552–1586 John Günther I * 1586–1631 Günther XLII, ''with'' Anton Henry, John Günther II and Christian ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Louis Frederick II, Prince Of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt
Louis Frederick II, Prince of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt (Rudolstadt, 9 August 1767 – Rudolstadt, 28 April 1807) was from 1793 to 1807 reigning Prince of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt. Life Louis Frederick was born on 9 August 1767 in Rudolstadt and was the second child and first son of the then Hereditary Prince Frederick Charles of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt and his first wife Princess Auguste of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt. At that time his grandfather Louis Günther II was ruling over the principality. In 1789 Louis Frederick and his brother Karl Günther went to Geneva and other destinations for their education. During this journey they learned about the events of the French Revolution. On July 21, 1791 in Homburg he married Caroline of Hesse-Homburg, daughter of Frederick V, Landgrave of Hesse-Homburg. Issue From the marriage of the Prince with Caroline were born the following children: * Princess Carolina Augusta of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt (1792–1794) * Friedrich Günther (1793 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt
Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt was a small historic state in present-day Thuringia, Germany, with its capital at Rudolstadt. History Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt was established in 1599 in the course of a resettlement of Schwarzburg dynasty lands. Since the 11th century, the ancestral seat of the comital family had been at Schwarzburg Castle, though after 1340, for most of its existence as a polity had the capital at the larger town of Rudolstadt. In 1583 Count Günther XLI of Schwarzburg, the eldest son of Günther XL the Rich and ruler over the united Schwarzburg lands, had died without issue. He was succeeded by his younger brothers, whereby Albert VII received the territory around Rudolstadt. After their brother Count William of Schwarzburg- Frankenhausen had died in 1597, the surviving brothers Albert VII and John Günther I established the two counties of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt and Schwarzburg-Sondershausen by the 1599 Treaty of Stadtilm. Albert's descendants ruled as sovereign count ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
George William, Prince Of Schaumburg-Lippe
Georg Wilhelm, Prince of Schaumburg-Lippe (20 December 1784 – 21 November 1860) was a Count and later Prince of Schaumburg-Lippe. Biography He was born in Bückeburg the son of Philipp II, Count of Schaumburg-Lippe, and his second wife Princess Juliane of Hesse-Philippsthal (1761–1799). He succeeded his father as Count of Schaumburg-Lippe on 13 February 1787, but due to his age his mother Princess Juliane acted as regent. However Landgrave William IX of Hesse-Kassel (or Hesse-Cassel) occupied all of Schaumburg-Lippe except for Wilhelmstein, after invading it to enforce his claim to Schaumburg-Lippe based on Princess Juliane's supposed morganatic ancestry. The Imperial Court in Vienna however ruled in favour of Georg Wilhelm and ordered Landgrave William IX to withdraw, which he did after a two-month occupation. Schaumburg-Lippe joined the Confederation of the Rhine on 15 December 1807 and was raised to a principality: Georg Wilhelm became the first Prince of Schaumburg-Lip ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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