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1784 In Literature
This article contains information about the literary events and publications of 1784. Events *March – Gottlieb Jakob Planck becomes professor of theology at Göttingen. *April 27 – First public performance of Pierre Beaumarchais's comedy ''The Marriage of Figaro'' as ''La Folle Journée, ou Le Mariage de Figaro'' at the Théâtre de l'Odéon in Paris. It runs for 68 consecutive performances, earning higher box-office receipts than any other French play of the century. It is translated into English by Thomas Holcroft and, under the title ''The Follies of a Day, or The Marriage of Figaro'', is produced at the Theatre Royal, Covent Garden in London by the end of the year. *June 26 – Friedrich Schiller delivers a paper, ''Die Schaubühne als eine moralische Anstalt betrachtet'' ('' The Theatre considered as a Moral Institution''), to the palatine "Deutschen Gesellschaft". *September 1 – Germaine de Staël flees from the French Revolution to Coppet Castle in Switzerland, where ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gottlieb Jakob Planck
Gottlieb Jakob Planck (15 November 1751 – 31 August 1833) was a German theologian and church historian. He was the great-grandfather of physicist Max Planck. Biography Planck was born at Nürtingen in Württemberg, where his father was a notary. Educated for the Protestant ministry at Blaubeuren, Bebenhausen and Tübingen, he became a lecturer at Tübingen in 1774, a preacher at Stuttgart in 1780, and a professor of church history at the University of Göttingen in 1784.ADB:Planck, Gottlieb Jakob at Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie At Tübingen he wrote ''Das Tagebuch eines neuen Ehemannes''. In 1781 he published the first volume of ''Geschichte des protestantischen Lehrbegriffs'' (History o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Typeface
A typeface (or font family) is the design of lettering that can include variations in size, weight (e.g. bold), slope (e.g. italic), width (e.g. condensed), and so on. Each of these variations of the typeface is a font. There are list of typefaces, thousands of different typefaces in existence, with new ones being developed constantly. The art and craft of designing typefaces is called ''type design''. Designers of typefaces are called ''type designers'' and are often employed by ''type foundry, type foundries''. In desktop publishing, type designers are sometimes also called ''font developers'' or ''font designers''. Every typeface is a collection of glyphs, each of which represents an individual letter, number, punctuation mark, or other symbol. The same glyph may be used for character (symbol), characters from different scripts, e.g. Roman uppercase A looks the same as Cyrillic uppercase А and Greek uppercase alpha. There are typefaces tailored for special applications, s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
George Colman The Younger
George Colman (21 October 1762 – 17 October 1836), known as "the Younger", was an English dramatist and miscellaneous writer. He was the son of George Colman the Elder. Life He passed from Westminster School to Christ Church, Oxford, and King's College, University of Aberdeen, and was finally entered as a student of law at Lincoln's Inn, London. While in Aberdeen, he published a poem satirizing Charles James Fox, called ''The Man of the People.'' In 1782 he produced his first play, ''The Female Dramatist'',at his father's playhouse in the Haymarket. The failing health of the elder Colman obliged him to relinquish the management of the Haymarket theatre in 1789, when the younger George succeeded him, at a yearly salary of £600. On the death of the father the patent was continued to the son; however, difficulties arose, as he was involved in litigation with Thomas Harris and was unable to pay the expenses of the performances at the Haymarket. He was forced to take sanctuar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dorothy Kilner
Dorothy Kilner (17 February 1755 – 5 February 1836), who used the pseudonyms M. P. and Mary Pelham, was a prolific English writer of children's books. She combined a didactic approarch with a strong knowledge of children's character.Patricia Wright: Kilner, Dorothy (1755–1836). In: ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'', online e. (Oxford: Oxford University Press, September 2004)Retrieved 8 September 2010./ref> Her best known work was ''The Life and Perambulation of a Mouse'' (1784). Life Dorothy was born on 17 February 1755, probably at Woodford, Essex as the youngest of five children of Thomas Kilner (1719–1804), public servant and landowner, and his wife, Frances, née Ayscough (1718–1768). The family moved to Maryland Point, then in Essex, in 1759. Kilner was much inspired by a friendship that began in childhood with Mary Ann Maze (Mary Ann Kilner, 1753–1831). This involved exchanging copious verse letters on religious and personal matters. When Maze marrie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ellenor Fenn
Ellenor Fenn ( Frere; 1743–1813; pseudonyms, Mrs. Teachwell, Mrs. Lovechild) was a prolific 18th-century British writer of children's books. Early life Ellenor Frere was born on 12 March 1743/44 in Westhorpe, Suffolk to Sheppard and Susanna Frere. John Frere was her elder brother and John Hookham Frere her nephew. In 1766, she married the antiquarian John Fenn and moved with him to Hill House, Dereham, Norfolk. Although they had no biological children, they adopted and brought up an orphaned heiress, Miss Andrews.Stoker, "Ellenor Fenn". Career Fenn wrote a series of children's books for her nephews and nieces, inspired by Anna Laetitia Barbauld's '' Lessons for Children'' (1778-9), and in 1782 she wrote to the children's publisher John Marshall asking whether he would be willing to publish them. Between 1782 and 1812, he published numerous books by Fenn, often anonymously or under the pseudonyms Mrs. Teachwell or Mrs. Lovechild. ''Cobwebs to Catch Flies'' (1783), a reading p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aagje Deken
Agatha ("Aagje") Deken (1741 in Nieuwer-Amstel – 14 November 1804, in The Hague) was a Dutch writer. Biography Agatha Deken was born in 1741. In 1745, after her parents died, she went to live in the 'Oranje Appel' orphanage in Amsterdam, where she remained until 1767. After leaving the orphanage she served in several families and later started a business in coffee and tea. In 1769 she joined the Baptist community in Amsterdam. At the age of 29 she moved in with her friend Maria Bosch as a nurse. Maria Bosch died in 1773. In 1775, Deken published the collection of poems ''Stichtelijke gedichten'', which she had written together with Maria Bosch. 1776 saw the beginning of a correspondence between Aagje Deken and Betje Wolff, who had already published several works by that time. In October of that year they met for the first time. After the death of Betje's husband, the two women lived together. In September 1777 they published their first joint work: ''Brieven'' ('Letters'). In ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Betje Wolff
Elizabeth ("Betje") Wolff-Bekker (24 July 17385 November 1804) was a Dutch novelist who, with Agatha "Aagje" Deken, wrote several popular epistolary novels such as ''Sara Burgerhart'' (1782) and ''Willem Levend'' (1784). Biography Betje Bekker was born into a wealthy Calvinist family at Vlissingen. On 18 November 1759, at the age of 21, she married the 52-year-old clergyman Adriaan Wolff. In 1763 she published her first collection ''Bespiegelingen over het genoegen'' ('Reflections on Pleasure'). After her husband's death in 1777, she lived for a time with Aagje Deken in France. From then on the two women published their work together; it is somewhat difficult to determine the exact qualities contributed by each though many believe that Betje Wolff was the main author due to her wider acclaim before their pairing. They specialized in epistolary novels in the mold of Samuel Richardson. Because of their patriotic sympathies they moved to Trévoux in Burgundy in 1788. In 1789 they p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Volksmärchen Der Deutschen
' (or ', ) is an early collection of German folk stories retold in a satirical style by Johann Karl August Musäus, published in five volumes between 1782 and 1787. Stories Publication and translation ' was first published in five volumes between 1782 and 1787 by C. W. Ettinger in Gotha, Thuringia. After Musäus' death in 1787, his widow requested Christoph Martin Wieland publish a re-edited version of the tales, which he did as ' (1804–1805). It has been reprinted many other times in Germany, including 1787–8, 1795–8, 1912, 1965, and 1976. English translations The first English translation was ''Popular Tales of the Germans'' (1791) by Thomas Beddoes, which contained five of the stories: "Richilda", "The Book of the Chronicles of the Three Sisters", "The Stealing of the Veil", "Elfin Freaks" (""), and "The Nymph of the Fountain". This book was published anonymously, and the translation was traditionally attributed to William Beckford. In the early nineteenth cent ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Johann Karl August Musäus
Johann Karl August Musäus (29 March 1735 – 28 October 1787) was a popular German author and one of the first collectors of German folk stories, most celebrated for his ''Volksmärchen der Deutschen'' (1782–1787), a collection of German fairy tales retold as satires. Biography Born in Jena on 29 March 1735, the only son of Joseph Christoph Musäus, a judge. In 1743 his father became a councillor and police magistrate in Eisenach, and the young Musäus moved to live with his godfather and uncle Dr. Johann Weißenborn in Allstedt, who was entrusted with his education and treated Musäus like a son. He continued living with his uncle until he was nineteen years old, even when his uncle became general superintendent of Eisenach in 1744, a move which brought him to the same city as his parents again. Musäus entered the University of Jena in 1754 to study theology (probably the choice of his godfather rather than his own), and was admitted into German Society around this time, a si ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William Godwin
William Godwin (3 March 1756 – 7 April 1836) was an English journalist, political philosopher and novelist. He is considered one of the first exponents of utilitarianism and the first modern proponent of anarchism. Godwin is most famous for two books that he published within the space of a year: '' An Enquiry Concerning Political Justice'', an attack on political institutions, and ''Things as They Are; or, The Adventures of Caleb Williams'', an early mystery novel which attacks aristocratic privilege. Based on the success of both, Godwin featured prominently in the radical circles of London in the 1790s. He wrote prolifically in the genres of novels, history and demography throughout his life. In the conservative reaction to British radicalism, Godwin was attacked, in part because of his marriage to the feminist writer Mary Wollstonecraft in 1797 and his candid biography of her after her death from childbirth. Their daughter, later known as Mary Shelley, would go on to wri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William Combe
William Combe (25 March 174219 June 1823) was a British miscellaneous writer. His early life was that of an adventurer, his later was passed chiefly within the "rules" of the King's Bench Prison. He is chiefly remembered as the author of ''The Three Tours of Doctor Syntax'', a comic poem, illustrated by artist Thomas Rowlandson's color plates, that satirised William Gilpin. Combe also wrote a series of imaginary letters, supposed to have been written by the second, or "wicked" Lord Lyttelton. Of a similar kind were his letters between Swift and " Stella". He also wrote the letterpress for various illustrated books, and was a general hack. Early life Combe's father, Robert Combes, was a rich Bristol ironmonger who died in 1756; his mother, Susannah Hill (died 1748), was from a Quaker background. He was educated at Eton College, but was withdrawn from the school by William Alexander, his guardian, on his father's death; Alexander died in 1762. He inherited from both his fath ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eliza Bromley
Eliza Bromley (née Eliza Nugent) ( fl. 1784 - 1803) was an English novelist and translator. Mrs Bromley was the widow of an army officer. She is one of the "lost" women writers listed in Dale Spender Dale Spender (born 22 September 1943)''The Bibliography of Australian Literature: P–Z'' edited by John Arnold, John Hay (page 409). is an Australian feminist scholar, teacher, writer and consultant. In 1983, Dale Spender was co-founder of an ...'s '' Mothers of the Novel: 100 Good Women Writers Before Jane Austen'' (1986). Works *''Laura and Augustus: an Authentic Story'' (1784) *''Ivey Castle: a novel: containing interesting memoirs of two ladies, late nuns in a French abolished convent'' (1794) *''The Cave of Cosenza: a Romance of the Eighteenth Century'' (1803) (translated from an Italian original) *''The History of Sir Charls Bentinck, Bart. And Louisa Cavendish. A novel, in three volumes. By the author of Laura and Augustus''. (1788) References 18th-century bi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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