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169 Series
The was an express electric multiple unit (EMU) train type introduced in 1969 by Japanese National Railways (JNR), and later operated by East Japan Railway Company (JR East) until 1996 and by Shinano Railway in Nagano Prefecture until 2013. The 169 series was developed from the 165 series EMUs. Interior File:169 interior Hachioji 20010801.jpg, Interior of Mitaka Depot set modified with reclining seats for use on ''Shinkansen Relay'' rapid services, 2001 Livery variations File:JRE-EC169-New-Express.jpg, "New Express" livery in 1987 File:JRE-EC169-NaganoColor.jpg, Early "Nagano" livery in 1991 File:169 Shinshu Musashi-Sakai.jpg, "Shinshu" livery File:169 M1 Shinkansen Relay Higashi-Tokorozawa 20010530.jpg, ''Shinkansen Relay'' livery in May 2001 Shinano Railway The third-sector operator Shinano Railway operated a fleet of three 3-car 169 series sets (numbered S51 to S53) formerly operated by JR East. These operated on services between and Togura Stations. These sets w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
JR East
The is a major passenger railway company in Japan and is the largest of the seven Japan Railways Group companies. The company name is officially abbreviated as JR-EAST or JR East in English, and as in Japanese. The company's headquarters are in Yoyogi, Shibuya, Tokyo, and next to the Shinjuku Station. It is listed in the Tokyo Stock Exchange (it formerly had secondary listings in the Nagoya and Osaka stock exchanges), is a constituent of the TOPIX Large70 index, and is also one of the three only Japan Railways Group constituents of the Nikkei 225 index, the other being JR Central and JR West. History JR East was incorporated on 1 April 1987 after being spun off from the government-run Japanese National Railways (JNR). The spin-off was nominally "privatization", as the company was actually a wholly owned subsidiary of the government-owned JNR Settlement Corporation for several years, and was not completely sold to the public until 2002. Following the breakup, JR East ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pantograph (rail)
A pantograph (or "pan" or "panto") is an apparatus mounted on the roof of an electric train, tram or electric bus to collect power through contact with an overhead line. By contrast, battery electric buses and trains are charged at charging stations. The pantograph is a common type of current collector; typically, a single or double wire is used, with the return current running through the rails. The term stems from the resemblance of some styles to the mechanical pantographs used for copying handwriting and drawings. Invention The pantograph, with a low-friction, replaceable graphite contact strip or "shoe" to minimise lateral stress on the contact wire, first appeared in the late 19th century. Early versions include the bow collector, invented in 1889 by Walter Reichel, chief engineer at Siemens & Halske in Germany, and a flat slide-pantograph first used in 1895 by the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad The familiar diamond-shaped roller pantograph was devised and patented b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shinano Railway Line
The is a 65.1 km railway line operated by the third-sector railway operating company Shinano Railway in Nagano Prefecture, Japan. It connects Karuizawa Station in Karuizawa with Shinonoi Station in Nagano. Overview Before October 1997, the right-of-way now belonging to the Shinano Railway was a part of the Shinetsu Main Line of East Japan Railway Company (JR East), and served as the main train route connecting Nagano and Tokyo. Upon completion of the Nagano Shinkansen in October 1997, JR East transferred all long distance operations to the shinkansen, and control of the Shinetsu Main Line between Karuizawa and Shinonoi was handed over to the newly formed Shinano Railway, which is majority owned by the Nagano Prefectural Government. Today, the line is a vital commuter transport route for communities in the east and north of Nagano Prefecture. The line is electrified and double-tracked with a track gauge of for its entire length. The speed limit is 100 km/h (reduc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Electric Multiple Units Of Japan
Electricity is the set of physical phenomena associated with the presence and motion of matter that has a property of electric charge. Electricity is related to magnetism, both being part of the phenomenon of electromagnetism, as described by Maxwell's equations. Various common phenomena are related to electricity, including lightning, static electricity, electric heating, electric discharges and many others. The presence of an electric charge, which can be either positive or negative, produces an electric field. The movement of electric charges is an electric current and produces a magnetic field. When a charge is placed in a location with a non-zero electric field, a force will act on it. The magnitude of this force is given by Coulomb's law. If the charge moves, the electric field would be doing work on the electric charge. Thus we can speak of electric potential at a certain point in space, which is equal to the work done by an external agent in carrying a unit of p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Karuizawa, Nagano
is a resort town located in Nagano Prefecture, Japan. , the town had an estimated population of 20,323 in 9897 households, and a population density of 130 persons per km². The total area of the town is . Karuizawa is one of the oldest and most famous summer resorts in Japan, visited by many people from different countries since the 19th century. Geography Karuizawa is located in eastern Nagano Prefecture, bordered by Gunma Prefecture to the north, east and south. The town is located on an elevated plain at the foot of Mount Asama, one of Japan's most active volcanoes. The mountain is classed as a Category A active volcano. A small eruption was detected in June 2015, a more significant eruption spewing hot rocks and a plume of ash occurred in February 2015. Mt. Asama's most destructive eruption in recent recorded history took place in 1783, when over 1,000 were killed. The volcano is actively monitored by scientists and climbing close to the summit is prohibited. *Usui Pass *Hi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Karuizawa Station
is a railway station in the town of Karuizawa, Nagano, Japan, operated jointly by the JR Group company East Japan Railway Company (JR East) and the third-sector railway operator Shinano Railway. Lines Karuizawa Station is served by the JR East Hokuriku Shinkansen high-speed line from Tokyo to via . On the Shinkansen line, it is located 146.8 kilometers from Tokyo Station. It is also a terminal station for the 65.1 kilometer Shinano Railway Line which operates between Karuizawa and Nagano. Station layout The JR portion of the station has two elevated island platforms, serving four tracks, with the station building underneath. The station has a ''Midori no Madoguchi'' staffed ticket office. The Shinano Railway portion of the station has one ground-level island platform serving two tracks, connected to the JR East portion of the station by a footbridge. JR East platforms Shinano Railway platforms History The station began service on December 1, 1888, as the terminal of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sakaki, Nagano
is a town located in Nagano Prefecture, Japan. , the town had an estimated population of 15,025 in 6211 households, and a population density of 280 persons per km². The total area of the town is . Geography Sakaki is located in the Toushin Region, or north-central region, of Nagano Prefecture. The Chikuma River flows through the town. Surrounding municipalities *Nagano Prefecture ** Ueda ** Chikuma Climate The town has a climate characterized by characterized by hot and humid summers, and cold winters (Köppen climate classification ''Cfa''. The average annual temperature in Sakaki is 12.4 °C. The average annual rainfall is 1086 mm with September as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 25.9 °C, and lowest in January, at around -0.3 °C. Demographics Per Japanese census data, the population of Sakaki has remained relatively constant over the past 70 years. History The area of present-day Sakaki was part of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sakaki Station
is a railway station on the Shinano Railway Line in the town of Sakaki, Nagano, Japan, operated by the third-sector railway operating company Shinano Railway. The station also has a freight terminal operated by the Japan Freight Railway Company. Lines Sakaki Station is served by the Shinano Railway Line and is 50.4 kilometers from the starting point of the line at Karuizawa Station. Station layout The station consists of one ground-level island platform serving two tracks, connected to the station building by a footbridge. The station is staffed. Platforms Adjacent stations History The station opened on 15 August 1888. Passenger statistics In fiscal 2017, the station was used by an average of 838 passengers daily (boarding passengers only). Surrounding area *Sakaki Town Hall * See also * List of railway stations in Japan The links below contain all of the 8579 railway stations in Japan. External links {{Portal bar, Japan, Trains * Railway stations Japan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Togura Station
Togura Station in 1912 is a railway station on the Shinano Railway Line in the city of Chikuma, Nagano, Japan, operated by the third-sector railway operating company Shinano Railway. Lines Togura Station is served by the Shinano Railway Line and is 54.9 kilometers from the starting point of the line at Karuizawa Station. Station layout The station consists of one ground-level island platform and one side platform serving three tracks, connected to the station building by a footbridge. The station is staffed. Platforms Adjacent stations History Togura Station opened on 11 February 1912. Passenger statistics In fiscal 2011, the station was used by an average of 2,650 passengers daily. Surrounding area *Togura Kamiyamada Onsen * See also *List of railway stations in Japan The links below contain all of the 8579 railway stations in Japan. External links {{Portal bar, Japan, Trains * Railway stations Japan Japan ( ja, 日本, or , and formally , '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shinano Railway
The is a Japanese third-sector railway operating company established in 1996 to operate passenger railway services on the section of the JR East Shinetsu Main Line within Nagano Prefecture when it is separated from the JR East network in October 1997, coinciding with the opening of the Nagano Shinkansen (Hokuriku Shinkansen) from to . The company was founded on May 1, 1996, and has its headquarters in Ueda, Nagano. Shareholders Shares in the company are owned by Nagano Prefecture, the cities of Nagano, Ueda, Komoro, Chikuma, Saku and Tōmi, the towns of Karuizawa, Miyota, Sakaki, Shinano, and Iizuna and private-sector businesses. Lines * Shinano Railway Line (65.1 km, - ) * Shinano Railway Kita-Shinano Line (37.3 km, - ) On October 1, 1997, the company took over control of local passenger operations on the 65.1 km section of the JR East Shinetsu Main Line between and . This section is called the Shinano Railway Line. From March 14, 2015, the company to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Public–private Partnership
A public–private partnership (PPP, 3P, or P3) is a long-term arrangement between a government and private sector institutions.Hodge, G. A and Greve, C. (2007), Public–Private Partnerships: An International Performance Review, Public Administration Review, 2007, Vol. 67(3), pp. 545–558 Typically, it involves private capital financing government projects and services up-front, and then drawing revenues from taxpayers and/or users over the course of the PPP contract. Public–private partnerships have been implemented in multiple countries and are primarily used for infrastructure projects. They have been employed for building, equipping, operating and maintaining schools, hospitals, transport systems, and water and sewerage systems. Cooperation between private actors, corporations and governments has existed since the inception of sovereign states, notably for the purpose of tax collection and colonization. However, contemporary "public-private partnerships" came into being ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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