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Shor Language
Shor (Endonym and exonym, endonym: , ; , ), or Kuznets Tatar, is a critically endangered Turkic languages, Turkic language spoken by about 2,800 people in a region called Mountain Shoriya, in Kemerovo Oblast in Southwest Siberia, although the entire Shors, Shor population in this area is over 12,000 people. Presently, not all ethnic Shors speak Shor and the language suffered a decline from the late 1930s to the early 1980s. During this period the Shor language was neither written nor taught in schools. However, since the 1980s and 1990s there has been a Shor language revival. The language is now taught at the Novokuznetsk branch of the Kemerovo State University. Dialects The two main dialects are Mrassu and Kondoma, named after the rivers in whose valleys they are spoken. From the point of view of classification of Turkic languages, these dialects belong to different branches of Turkic: According to the reflexes of the Proto-Turkic (PT) intervocalic -d- in modern languages (compa ...
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Altay Language
Altai or Altay () is a set of Turkic languages spoken officially in the Altai Republic, Russia. The standard vocabulary is based on the Southern Altai language, though it is also taught to and used by speakers of the Northern Altai language as well. Gorno–Altai refers to a subgroup of languages in the Altai Mountains. The languages were called Oyrot (ойрот) prior to 1948. Altai is spoken primarily in the Altai Republic. There is a small community of speakers in the neighbouring Altai Krai as well. Classification Due to its isolated position in the Altai Mountains and contact with surrounding languages, the exact classification of Altai within the Turkic languages has often been disputed. Because of its geographic proximity to the Shor and Khakas languages, some classifications place it in a Northern Turkic subgroup. Due to certain similarities with Kyrgyz, it has been grouped as the Kyrgyz–Kipchak subgroup with the Kypchak languages which is within the Turkic langu ...
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Cyrillic
The Cyrillic script ( ) is a writing system used for various languages across Eurasia. It is the designated national script in various Slavic, Turkic, Mongolic, Uralic, Caucasian and Iranic-speaking countries in Southeastern Europe, Eastern Europe, the Caucasus, Central Asia, North Asia, and East Asia, and used by many other minority languages. , around 250 million people in Eurasia use Cyrillic as the official script for their national languages, with Russia accounting for about half of them. With the accession of Bulgaria to the European Union on 1 January 2007, Cyrillic became the third official script of the European Union, following the Latin and Greek alphabets. The Early Cyrillic alphabet was developed during the 9th century AD at the Preslav Literary School in the First Bulgarian Empire during the reign of Tsar Simeon I the Great, probably by the disciples of the two Byzantine brothers Cyril and Methodius, who had previously created the Gl ...
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Cyrillic Script
The Cyrillic script ( ) is a writing system used for various languages across Eurasia. It is the designated national script in various Slavic languages, Slavic, Turkic languages, Turkic, Mongolic languages, Mongolic, Uralic languages, Uralic, Caucasian languages, Caucasian and Iranian languages, Iranic-speaking countries in Southeastern Europe, Eastern Europe, the Caucasus, Central Asia, North Asia, and East Asia, and used by many other minority languages. , around 250 million people in Eurasia use Cyrillic as the official script for their national languages, with Russia accounting for about half of them. With the accession of Bulgaria to the European Union on 1 January 2007, Cyrillic became the third official script of the Languages of the European Union#Writing systems, European Union, following the Latin script, Latin and Greek alphabet, Greek alphabets. The Early Cyrillic alphabet was developed during the 9th century AD at the Preslav Literary School in the First Bulga ...
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U (Cyrillic)
U (У у; italics: ) is a letter of the Cyrillic script. It commonly represents the close back rounded vowel , somewhat like the pronunciation of in "boot" or "rule". The forms of the Cyrillic letter U are similar to the lowercase of the Latin letter Y (Y y; ), with the lowercase Cyrillic letter U's form being identical to that of small Latin letter Y. History Historically, Cyrillic U evolved as a specifically East Slavic short form of the digraph used in ancient Slavic texts to represent . The digraph was itself a direct loan from the Greek alphabet, where the combination (omicron-upsilon) was also used to represent . Later, the o was removed, leaving the modern upsilon-only form. Consequently, the form of the letter is derived from Greek upsilon , which was parallelly also taken over into the Cyrillic alphabet in another form, as Izhitsa . (The letter Izhitsa was removed from the Russian alphabet in the orthography reform of 1917/19.) It is normal ...
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Khakas Language
Khakas, also known as Xakas, is a Turkic language spoken by the Khakas, who mainly live in the southwestern Siberian Republic of Khakassia, in Russia. The Khakas number 61,000, of whom 29,000 speak the Khakas language. Most Khakas speakers are bilingual in Russian. Dialects Traditionally, the Khakas language is divided into several closely related dialects, which take their names from the different tribes: , , Koybal, Beltir, and Kyzyl. In fact, these names represent former administrative units rather than tribal or linguistic groups. The people speaking all these dialects simply referred to themselves as ''Тадар'' (Tadar, i.e. Tatar). The Khakas language also has a dialect named Kamas Turk (or Kamas Turkic), which according to the UNESCO ''Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger'' has been extinct since the 1950s. History and documentation The people who speak the Fuyu Kyrgyz language originated in the Yenisei region of Siberia but were relocated into the Dzun ...
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Cyrillic Characters In Unicode
As of Unicode version , Cyrillic script is encoded across several blocks: * CyrillicU+0400–U+04FF 256 characters * Cyrillic SupplementU+0500–U+052F 48 characters * Cyrillic Extended-AU+2DE0–U+2DFF 32 characters * Cyrillic Extended-BU+A640–U+A69F 96 characters * Cyrillic Extended-CU+1C80–U+1C8F 11 characters * Cyrillic Extended-DU+1E030–U+1E08F 63 characters * Phonetic ExtensionsU+1D2B, U+1D78 2 Cyrillic characters * Combining Half MarksU+FE2E–U+FE2F 2 Cyrillic characters The characters in the range U+0400–U+045F are basically the characters from ISO 8859-5 moved upward by 864 positions. The next characters in the Cyrillic block, range U+0460–U+0489, are historical letters, some of which are still used for Church Slavonic. The characters in the range U+048A–U+04FF and the complete Cyrillic Supplement block (U+0500–U+052F) are additional letters for various languages that are written with Cyrillic script. Two characters are in the Phonetic Extensions b ...
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Ue (Cyrillic)
Ue or Straight U (Ү ү; italics: ) is a letter of the Cyrillic script. It is a form of the Cyrillic letter U (У у ) with a vertical, rather than diagonal, center line. Whereas a standard Cyrillic U resembles a lowercase Latin y, Ue instead uses the shape of a capital Latin Y, with each letter set higher or lower to establish its case. The lower case resembles the lower case of the Greek letter Gamma. Ue is used the alphabets of the Bashkir, Buryat, Kalmyk, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Mongolian, Sakha, Turkmen, Tatar and other languages. It commonly represents the front rounded vowels and in most Turkic languages, except in Mongolian where it represents . In Tuvan and Kyrgyz the Cyrillic letter can be written as a double vowel. Computing codes See also *Ü ü : Latin letter U with diaeresis, used in the Azerbaijani, Estonian, German, Hungarian, Turkish, and Turkmen languages. *Ư ư : Latin letter U with horn, used in Vietnamese alphabet *Y y : L ...
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U With Double Acute (Cyrillic)
U with double acute (Ӳ ӳ; italics: ) is a letter of the Cyrillic script, derived from the Cyrillic letter U (У у ). U with double acute is only used in the Chuvash language, where it represents the close front rounded vowel , the pronunciation of the Latin letter U with umlaut (Ü ü) in German. It is placed between and in the Chuvash alphabet. It is usually romanized as ⟨Ü⟩ but its ISO 9 ISO 9 is an international standard establishing a system for the transliteration into Latin characters of Cyrillic characters constituting the alphabets of many Slavic and non-Slavic languages. Published on February 23, 1995 by the Internation ... transliteration is ⟨Ű⟩. It was also formerly used in the Altai alphabet of 1840. Computing codes See also *Ӱ ӱ : Cyrillic letter U with diaeresis *Ү ү : Cyrillic letter Ue *Ű ű : Latin letter U with double acute - a Hungarian letter References Chuvash language Cyrillic letters with diacritics {{Turk ...
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Komi-Yodzyak Language
The Komi-Yazva language (коми-ёдз көл, ''komi-jodz kål'') is a Permic language closely related to Komi-Zyrian and Permyak, native to and spoken mostly in Krasnovishersky District of Perm Krai in Russia, in the basin of the Yazva (Yodz) River. It has no official status. It is the most divergent of all the Komi varieties. About two thousand speakers densely live in Krasnovishersky District. Studies Availability of the particular vowels together with features of phonetics and stress system led Finnish linguist Arvid Genetz in 1889 to consider Komi-Yazva as a separate dialect. Later, this decision was confirmed by the famous Finno-Ugricist Vasily Lytkin, who studied the Komi-Yazva idiom in depth from 1949 until 1953. Some researchers consider it to be a dialect of the Komi-Permyak language. Geographical distribution In the early 1960s, about 2,000 speakers lived compactly on the territory of Krasnovishersky District of Perm Krai (Antipinskaya, Parshakovskaya, By ...
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Rusyn Language
Rusyn ( ; ; )http://theses.gla.ac.uk/2781/1/2011BaptieMPhil-1.pdf , p. 8. is an East Slavic language spoken by Rusyns in parts of Central and Eastern Europe, and written in the Cyrillic script. The majority of speakers live in Carpathian Ruthenia, which includes Transcarpathia and parts of eastern Slovakia and south-eastern Poland. There is also a sizeable Pannonian Rusyn linguistic island in Vojvodina, Serbia, and a Rusyn diaspora worldwide. Under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages, it is recognized as a protected minority language by Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Hungary, Romania, Poland (as Lemko), Serbia, and Slovakia. The categorization of Rusyn as a language or dialect is a source of controversy. Czech, Slovak, and Hungarian, as well as American and some Polish and Serbian linguists treat it as a distinct language (with its own ISO 639-3 code), whereas other scholars (in Ukraine, Poland, Serbia, and Romania) treat it as a dialect of Ukrainia ...
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