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Česká Rafinérská
Česká rafinérská a.s. was the largest Czech oil refining company and the largest producer of oil products in the country. The company operated two refineries located in Litvínov and Kralupy nad Vltavou with a combined capacity of . It was shared company of the Unipetrol, ENI and Shell (originally included one more owner, Conaco Philips). After the privatization of the Unipetrol (sold to the ORLEN Group), Shell and Conaco sold their portions and subsequently the ENI as well, finally Unipetrol was the sole owner of this company. See also * Energy in the Czech Republic Energy in the Czech Republic describes World energy resources and consumption, energy and Electricity generation, electricity production, consumption and import in the Czech Republic. Overview Primary energy consumption per million people in 2 ... References {{DEFAULTSORT:Ceska Rafinerska Oil and gas companies of the Czech Republic Energy companies established in 1995 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Litvínov
Litvínov (; german: Leutensdorf) is a town in Most District in the Ústí nad Labem Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 22,000 inhabitants. It is known as an industrial centre. Administrative parts Litvínov is made up of 12 town parts and villages: *Dolní Litvínov *Horní Litvínov *Chudeřín *Hamr *Horní Ves *Janov *Křížatky *Lounice *Písečná *Růžodol *Šumná *Záluží History The first written mention is from 1352 under the name ''Lutwinow.'' The word is made up of two Old High German words, ''liut'' – "people" and ''wini'' – „friend“. Originally the town consisted of two settlements – Horní Litvínov and Dolní Litvínov with forts. In 1715, count Jan Josef Valdštejn founded a large cloth factory, one of the first in the Czech lands. Litvínov was promoted to a town on 5 October 1852. In the 19th century, the industrialization of Litvínov deepened. Many new factories were established. Toys and wooden goods were made here, cotton was proc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Czech Republic
The Czech Republic, or simply Czechia, is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Historically known as Bohemia, it is bordered by Austria to the south, Germany to the west, Poland to the northeast, and Slovakia to the southeast. The Czech Republic has a hilly landscape that covers an area of with a mostly temperate continental and oceanic climate. The capital and largest city is Prague; other major cities and urban areas include Brno, Ostrava, Plzeň and Liberec. The Duchy of Bohemia was founded in the late 9th century under Great Moravia. It was formally recognized as an Imperial State of the Holy Roman Empire in 1002 and became a kingdom in 1198. Following the Battle of Mohács in 1526, the whole Crown of Bohemia was gradually integrated into the Habsburg monarchy. The Protestant Bohemian Revolt led to the Thirty Years' War. After the Battle of White Mountain, the Habsburgs consolidated their rule. With the dissolution of the Holy Empire in 1806, the Cro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
US Dollar
The United States dollar (symbol: $; code: USD; also abbreviated US$ or U.S. Dollar, to distinguish it from other dollar-denominated currencies; referred to as the dollar, U.S. dollar, American dollar, or colloquially buck) is the official currency of the United States and several other countries. The Coinage Act of 1792 introduced the U.S. dollar at par with the Spanish silver dollar, divided it into 100 cents, and authorized the minting of coins denominated in dollars and cents. U.S. banknotes are issued in the form of Federal Reserve Notes, popularly called greenbacks due to their predominantly green color. The monetary policy of the United States is conducted by the Federal Reserve System, which acts as the nation's central bank. The U.S. dollar was originally defined under a bimetallic standard of (0.7735 troy ounces) fine silver or, from 1837, fine gold, or $20.67 per troy ounce. The Gold Standard Act of 1900 linked the dollar solely to gold. From 1934, its equi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Refining
{{Unreferenced, date=December 2009 Refining (also perhaps called by the mathematical term affining) is the process of purification of a (1) substance or a (2) form. The term is usually used of a natural resource that is almost in a usable form, but which is more useful in its pure form. For instance, most types of natural petroleum will burn straight from the ground, but it will burn poorly and quickly clog an engine with residues and by-products. The term is broad, and may include more drastic transformations, such as the reduction of ore to metal (for which see Refining (metallurgy)). The refining of liquids is often accomplished by distillation or fractionation; this process is useful, for example, for isolating different fractions of petroleum. Gases can be refined in this way as well, by being cooled and/or compressed until they liquefy. Gases and liquids can also be refined by extraction with a selective solvent that dissolves away either the substance of interest, or the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kralupy Nad Vltavou
Kralupy nad Vltavou (; german: Kralup an der Moldau) is a town in Mělník District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 18,000 inhabitants. It is known as a traffic hub and industrial agglomeration. The town is a part of the Prague metropolitan area. Administrative parts Town parts and villages of Lobeček, Mikovice, Minice and Zeměchy are administrative parts of Kralupy nad Vltavou. Geography Kralupy nad Vltavou lies on the Vltava River, about north of Prague. History The first written reliable mention of Kralupy is from 1253. It was originally a village by the local ford. From its establishment to 1848, it was owned mostly by Knights of the Cross with the Red Star, except for four enforced short breaks. It had belonged to the same authority for six hundred years, which is a rare case. When the importance of the Kralupy river ford ceased, the inhabitants mostly occupied themselves with farming. Growing and drying fruits had a tradition here. In ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Energy In The Czech Republic
Energy in the Czech Republic describes World energy resources and consumption, energy and Electricity generation, electricity production, consumption and import in the Czech Republic. Overview Primary energy consumption per million people in 2008 was 50 TWh compared to other countries (TWh): Canada 93 (3103 TWh 33.3), USA 87 (26,560 TWh 304.5), UK 40 (2,424 TWh 61.4), Greece 31 TWh (354 TWh 11.24) and Poland 30 (1138 TWh 38.12). Fossil fuels Coal OKD is a major mining, mining company in the Czech Republic. The country aims to coal phaseout, phase out coal power by 2038 or earlier. Oil and gas Oil and gas deposits in the Czech Republic are in Moravia. Gas pipelines include Gazela Pipeline and Druzhba pipeline from Russia to points in Ukraine, Belarus, Poland, Hungary, Slovakia, Czech Republic, and Germany. Electrical energy According to IEA the electricity use (gross production + imports – exports – transmission/distribution losses) in the Czech Republic in 2008 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oil And Gas Companies Of The Czech Republic
An oil is any nonpolar chemical substance that is composed primarily of hydrocarbons and is hydrophobic (does not mix with water) & lipophilic (mixes with other oils). Oils are usually flammable and surface active. Most oils are unsaturated lipids that are liquid at room temperature. The general definition of oil includes classes of chemical compounds that may be otherwise unrelated in structure, properties, and uses. Oils may be animal, vegetable, or petrochemical in origin, and may be volatile or non-volatile. They are used for food (e.g., olive oil), fuel (e.g., heating oil), medical purposes (e.g., mineral oil), lubrication (e.g. motor oil), and the manufacture of many types of paints, plastics, and other materials. Specially prepared oils are used in some religious ceremonies and rituals as purifying agents. Etymology First attested in English 1176, the word ''oil'' comes from Old French ''oile'', from Latin ''oleum'', which in turn comes from the Greek (''elaion'') ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
