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Þorláks Saga Helga
''Þorláks saga helga'' (the saga of St Þorlákr) is a saga about Saint Þorlákr Þórhallsson (1133–93) and the main source of evidence for his life. Versions and attestations The earliest fragment of the saga is in Latin, surviving most importantly in AM 386 4to, whose first half seems, to judge by the script, to be from around 1200. This version was probably composed in association with the translation of Þorlákr's relics by his successor Páll Jónsson. The saga then survives in Old Norse in four related medieval versions, with the following primary manuscripts: * 1: Stockholm Perg. fol. 5 (mid C14) * 2: AM 382 4to (first half of C14) * 3: AM 209 fol. (C17); AM 219 fol. (end of C14); AM 379-80 4to (C17); AM 383 III-IV 4to (early C15); AM 388 4to (C17) * 4: AM 383 I 4to (mid-C13, fragment only) The material in these also overlaps with material in a number of miracle books. It is thought that we owe the vernacular saga to the same person who composed ''Hungrvaka'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saint Thorlak
Thorlak Thorhallsson ( Icelandic: ''Þorlákur Þórhallsson''; 1133 – 23 December 1193) is the patron saint of Iceland. He was bishop of Skálholt from 1178 until his death. Thorlak's relics were translated to the cathedral of Skalholt in 1198, not long after his successor as bishop, Páll Jónsson, announced at the Althing that vows could be made to Thorlak. His status as a saint did not receive official recognition from the Catholic Church until 14 January 1984, when John Paul II canonized him and declared him the patron saint of Iceland. His feast day is 23 December, when Thorlac's mass is celebrated in Iceland. Career Born in 1133 at Hlíðarendi in the see of Skálholt in southern Iceland, Thorlak was from an agrarian family. He was ordained a deacon before he was fifteen and a priest at the age of eighteen. He studied abroad at Paris with the Victorines, where he learned the Rule of Saint Augustine from roughly 1153 to 1159, and then studied canon law in Lincoln. R ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Páll Jónsson
Páll Jónsson (1155 – November 29, 1211; Old Norse: ; Modern Icelandic: ) was an Icelandic Roman Catholic clergyman, who became the seventh bishop of Iceland from 1195 to 1211. He served in the diocese of Skálholt. His life is recorded in '' Páls saga biskups''. Páll was a descendant of the Oddaverjar family clan. He is known as a patron of the celebrated artist Margret ''him haga'' (Margaret the Dextrous). References See also *List of Skálholt bishops A ''list'' is any set of items in a row. List or lists may also refer to: People * List (surname) Organizations * List College, an undergraduate division of the Jewish Theological Seminary of America * SC Germania List, German rugby unio ... 12th-century Roman Catholic bishops in Iceland 13th-century Roman Catholic bishops in Iceland 1155 births 1211 deaths Married Roman Catholic bishops 12th-century Icelandic people 13th-century Icelandic people {{Iceland-RC-bishop-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hungrvaka
''Hungrvaka'' ("Hunger-waker") is an Old Norse history of the first five bishops of Skálholt. The text covers the period from the formation of the Icelandic church to 1178. As the text refers to Saint Thorlak (acknowledged 1198), Jón Ögmundsson (acknowledged as a local Icelandic saint in 1200), and Gizzur Hallsson (died 1206), it was probably written in the first half of the thirteenth century. However, the manuscripts witnesses of the saga are all post-medieval, the earliest dating from 1601. Because of similarities in style it is assumed that the author of ''Hungrvaka'' wrote ''Páls saga biskups ''Páls saga biskups'' (The Saga of bishop Páll) is an Old Norse account of the life of Páll Jónsson, bishop of the Icelandic episcopal see Skálholt. The saga is recorded in three seventeenth century manuscripts and subsequent copies: Stock. ...'' and may also have written passages of '' Þorláks saga helga.'' The reason for the book's title is given by the author in the int ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Páls Saga Biskups
''Páls saga biskups'' (The Saga of bishop Páll) is an Old Norse account of the life of Páll Jónsson, bishop of the Icelandic episcopal see Skálholt. The saga is recorded in three seventeenth century manuscripts and subsequent copies: Stock. Papp. 4to no 4., AM 204 fol., and AM 205 fol. In each of these manuscripts, ''Páls saga'' follows '' Hungrvaka'' and '' Þorláks saga helga''. All three manuscripts are of one version of the text, which is thought to be medieval. There are apparently no written sources of the text and it is likely that the author knew Páll Jónsson Páll Jónsson (1155 – November 29, 1211; Old Norse: ; Modern Icelandic: ) was an Icelandic Roman Catholic clergyman, who became the seventh bishop of Iceland from 1195 to 1211. He served in the diocese of Skálholt. His life is recorded in '' ... personally. Because of similarities in style, the author of ''Páls saga'' is thought to have also written ''Hungrvaka'' and passages of ''Þorláks saga helga ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jón Loptsson
Jón is an Old Norse common name still widely used in Iceland and the Faroes. According to Icelandic custom, people named Jón are generally referred to by first and middle names and those without a middle name are referred to with both first name and patronym disambiguation is required. ''Jón'' is derived from the name Johannes (English John) with the original meaning being ''God ( Yahweh) is gracious''. The name is one of the most frequently given names in Iceland. In 2002, it was ranked first before Sigurður and Guðmundur. People with the name ''Jón'' Kings * Jón I of Sweden Others * Jón Hnefill Aðalsteinsson, Icelandic scholar and folklorist * Jón Arason, Icelandic bishop * Jón Árnason (author), Icelandic author * Jón Loftur Árnason, Icelandic chess player * Jón Þór Birgisson, Icelandic musician (Sigur Rós) * Jón Gerreksson, Danish-Icelandic bishop * Jón Gnarr, Icelandic comedian * Jón Baldvin Hannibalsson, Icelandic politician * Jón Helgas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paul Bibire
Paul Adrian Bibire (born 1945) is an author and former lecturer in the Department of English Language and Literature at the University of St Andrews (1971–85) and the Department of Anglo-Saxon, Norse and Celtic, University of Cambridge (1985–99). His area is Anglo Saxon and Old Norse and he has written many articles on these and related subjects. Bibire is also a keen enthusiast of the author J. R. R. Tolkien whom he credits as the motivation for his academic career. Bibire took a BA from Aberystwyth University in 1967, a B.Phil. in Old English at Oxford University in 1969. He co-edited with Gareth Williams a book entitled ''Sagas, Saints and Settlements'' from a 1996 interdisciplinary symposium at the University of St Andrews, exploring the history, culture, and literature of the Viking Age and medieval Iceland and Scandinavia Scandinavia; Sámi languages: /. ( ) is a subregion#Europe, subregion in Northern Europe, with strong historical, cultural, and linguistic ties ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bishops' Sagas
The bishops' saga (Old Norse and modern Icelandic ''biskupasaga'', modern Icelandic plural ''biskupasögur'', Old Norse plural ''biskupasǫgur'') is a genre of medieval Icelandic sagas, mostly thirteenth- and earlier fourteenth-century prose histories dealing with bishops of Iceland's two medieval dioceses of Skálholt and Hólar. Sagas about Skálholt bishops * '' Hungrvaka'' (short biographies of the first five bishops of Skálholt, 1056–1176) * '' Þorláks saga helga'' (three redactions, including the earliest of the ''biskupa sögur'') * ''Páls saga biskups'' (the saga of Þorlákr's successor Páll Jónsson, d. 1211) * '' Árna saga biskups'' (composed c. 1300 about Árni Þorláksson, d. 1298) Two '' þættir'' are also relevant: '' Ísleifs þáttr biskups'' and '' Jóns þáttr Halldórssonar''. Sagas about Hólar bishops * ''Jóns saga helga'' (about Jón Ögmundsson, 1052–1121, in several different versions) * '' Guðmundar saga biskups'' (about Guðmundur Arason ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Medieval Literature
Medieval literature is a broad subject, encompassing essentially all written works available in Europe and beyond during the Middle Ages (that is, the one thousand years from the fall of the Western Roman Empire ca. AD 500 to the beginning of the Renaissance in the 14th, 15th or 16th century, depending on country). The literature of this time was composed of religious writings as well as secular works. Just as in modern literature, it is a complex and rich field of study, from the utterly sacred to the exuberantly profane, touching all points in-between. Works of literature are often grouped by place of origin, language, and genre. Languages Outside of Europe, medieval literature was written in Ethiopic, Syriac, Coptic, Japanese, Chinese, and Arabic, among many other languages. In Western Europe, Latin was the common language for medieval writing, since Latin was the language of the Roman Catholic Church, which dominated Western and Central Europe, and since the Church was v ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sagas
is a series of science fantasy role-playing video games by Square Enix. The series originated on the Game Boy in 1989 as the creation of Akitoshi Kawazu at Square. It has since continued across multiple platforms, from the Super NES to the PlayStation 2. The series is notable for its emphasis on open world exploration, non-linear branching plots, and occasionally unconventional gameplay. This distinguishes the games from most of Square's other franchises. Development The ''SaGa'' series was created by game designer Akitoshi Kawazu, whose contributions prior to the franchise's introduction include ''Final Fantasy'' and ''Final Fantasy II''. At a time when Nintendo's Game Boy was becoming popular worldwide due to the puzzle game ''Tetris'', then-Square president Masashi Miyamoto requested that a development team create a game for the handheld console. Kawazu and fellow designer Koichi Ishii suggested that the company develop a role-playing video game, thus making ''Makai Tou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Icelandic Literature
Icelandic literature refers to literature written in Iceland or by Icelandic people. It is best known for the sagas written in medieval times, starting in the 13th century. As Icelandic and Old Norse are almost the same, and because Icelandic works constitute most of Old Norse literature, Old Norse literature is often wrongly considered a subset of Icelandic literature. However, works by Norwegians are present in the standard reader ''Sýnisbók íslenzkra bókmennta til miðrar átjándu aldar'', compiled by Sigurður Nordal on the grounds that the language was the same. Early Icelandic literature The medieval Icelandic literature is usually divided into three parts: *Eddic poetry *Sagas *Skaldic poetry The ''Eddas'' There has been some discussion on the probable etymology of the term "Edda". Most say it stems from the Old Norse term ''edda'', which means great-grandmother, but some see a reference to Oddi, a place where Snorri Sturluson Snorri Sturluson ( ; ; 1179 – 22 S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
