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Gain
Gain or GAIN may refer to: Science and technology * Gain (electronics), an electronics and signal processing term * Antenna gain * Gain (laser), the amplification involved in laser emission * Gain (projection screens) * Information gain in decision trees, in mathematics and computer science * GAIN domain, a protein domain * Learning rate, a tuning parameter in stochastic approximation methods, also known as gain Health * Primary and secondary gain, psychological mechanisms that may underlie an illness * Global Appraisal of Individual Needs, a set of psychological assessment instruments * Global Alliance for Improved Nutrition, a Swiss Foundation working in the field of malnutrition * Generating Antibiotic Incentives Now, a piece of American legislation People * Gain (singer), a South Korean entertainer * Gain, anglicised form of Indian surname Gayen Other uses * Gain (accounting), the increase of net profit * ''Gain'' (novel), a novel by American author Richard Powe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gain (electronics)
In electronics, gain is a measure of the ability of a two-port circuit (often an amplifier) to increase the power or amplitude of a signal from the input to the output port by adding energy converted from some power supply to the signal. It is usually defined as the mean ratio of the signal amplitude or power at the output port to the amplitude or power at the input port. It is often expressed using the logarithmic decibel (dB) units ("dB gain"). A gain greater than one (greater than zero dB), that is amplification, is the defining property of an active component or circuit, while a passive circuit will have a gain of less than one. The term ''gain'' alone is ambiguous, and can refer to the ratio of output to input voltage (''voltage gain''), current (''current gain'') or electric power (''power gain''). In the field of audio and general purpose amplifiers, especially operational amplifiers, the term usually refers to voltage gain, but in radio frequency amplifiers ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Antenna Gain
In electromagnetics, an antenna's gain is a key performance parameter which combines the antenna's directivity and radiation efficiency. The term ''power gain'' has been deprecated by IEEE. In a transmitting antenna, the gain describes how well the antenna converts input power into radio waves headed in a specified direction. In a receiving antenna, the gain describes how well the antenna converts radio waves arriving from a specified direction into electrical power. When no direction is specified, gain is understood to refer to the peak value of the gain, the gain in the direction of the antenna's main lobe. A plot of the gain as a function of direction is called the antenna pattern or radiation pattern. It is not to be confused with directivity, which does ''not'' take an antenna's radiation efficiency into account. Gain or 'absolute gain' is defined as "The ratio of the radiation intensity in a given direction to the radiation intensity that would be produced if t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Global Alliance For Improved Nutrition
The Global Alliance for Improved Nutrition (GAIN) is a non-profit foundation based in Geneva, Switzerland. GAIN was developed at the UN 2002 Special Session of the General Assembly on Children. GAIN’s actions include improving the consumption of nutritious and safe foods for all. They are supported by over 30 donors and work closely with international organisations and United Nations agencies. Their activities include improving consumption of nutritious food globally. The organisation has a 20 year history of food system programmes: focusing on adolescent and child nutrition, food system research, fortification, small and medium enterprise assistance, biofortification of crops and reducing post-harvest losses. They have Headquarters in Geneva, Switzerland, along with offices in countries with high levels of malnutrition: Bangladesh, Ethiopia, India, Indonesia, Kenya, Mozambique, Nigeria, Pakistan, and Tanzania. They also have representative offices in Denmark, the Netherlands ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Information Gain In Decision Trees
In information theory and machine learning, information gain is a synonym for ''Kullback–Leibler divergence''; the amount of information gained about a random variable or signal from observing another random variable. However, in the context of decision trees, the term is sometimes used synonymously with mutual information, which is the conditional expected value of the Kullback–Leibler divergence of the univariate probability distribution of one variable from the conditional distribution of this variable given the other one. The information gain of a random variable ''X'' obtained from an observation of a random variable ''A'' taking value is defined IG_ = D_\text, the Kullback–Leibler divergence of the prior distribution P_ for x from the posterior distribution P_ for ''x'' given ''a''. The expected value of the information gain is the mutual information of ''X'' and ''A'' – i.e. the reduction in the entropy of ''X'' achieved by learning the state of the random ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gain (accounting)
In financial accounting (CON 8.4), a gain is when the market value of an asset exceeds the purchase price of that asset. The gain is unrealized until the asset is sold for cash, at which point it becomes a realized gain. This is an important distinction for tax purposes, as only realized gains are subject to tax. Gains are the result of circumstances, events, or transactions which affect the entity independent of revenue or owner investments. They are usually the result of holding gains, exchange transactions, events, or nonreciprocal transactions. Types of gain # "Events" while loss events such as natural catastrophes are fairly common, gain events are rare. Their defining feature is that they are nonreciprocal (the reporting entity does not expend anything of measurable economic value in return) and beyond the control of the entity reporting the gain. An example of a gain event would be a that company acquired land with the intent of constructing a manufacturing facility, but dis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gain (laser)
In laser physics, gain or amplification is a process where the medium transfers part of its energy to the emitted electromagnetic radiation, resulting in an increase in optical power. This is the basic principle of all lasers. Quantitatively, ''gain'' is a measure of the ability of a laser medium to increase optical power. Definition The gain can be defined as the derivative of logarithm of power ~P~ as it passes through the medium. The factor by which an input beam is amplified by a medium is called the gain and is represented by G. :G = \frac\ln(P)=\frac where ~z~ is the coordinate in the direction of propagation. This equation neglects the effects of the transversal profile of beam. In the quasi-monochromatic paraxial approximation, the gain can be taken into account with the following equation : 2ik\frac= \Delta_E + 2 \nu E + i G E, where ~\nu~ is variation of index of refraction (Which is supposed to be small), ~E~ is complex field, related to the physical electric field ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
GAIN Capital
GAIN Capital is a US-based provider of online trading services, headquartered in Bedminster, New Jersey, Bedminster, New Jersey. The company provides market access and trade execution services in forex, foreign exchange, Contract For Difference, contracts for difference (CFDs) and exchange-based products to Retail foreign exchange platform, retail and institutional investors. Trading is provided via one of two electronic trading platforms, its own proprietary FOREXTrader PRO, or MetaTrader 4. GAIN Capital allows retail and institutional clients to speculate on global foreign exchange markets in what is known as ‘margin forex trading’. GAIN Capital operates retail foreign exchange and Contract for difference, CFD trading brands, FOREX.com and City Index as well as GTX, a fully independent FX ECN, a multi-dealer foreign exchange trading platform, for hedge funds and institutions. It also owns advisory CFD business, SALT Invest, and futures provider, Daniels Trading. History GAI ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Primary And Secondary Gain
Primary gain and secondary gain, and more rarely tertiary gain, are terms used in medicine and psychology to describe the significant subconscious psychological motivators patients may have when presenting with symptoms. It is important to note that if these motivators are recognized by the patient, and especially if symptoms are fabricated or exaggerated for personal gain, then this is instead considered malingering. The difference between primary and secondary gain is that with primary gain, the reason a person may not be able to go to work is because they are injured or ill, whereas with secondary gain, the reason that person is injured or ill is so that they cannot go to work. Primary gain Primary gain produces positive internal motivations. For example, a patient might feel guilty about being unable to perform some task. If a medical condition justifying an inability is present, it may lead to decreased psychological stress. Primary gain can be a component of any disease, bu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gain (projection Screens)
Gain is a property of a projection screen, and is one of the specifications quoted by projection screen manufacturers. Interpretation The number that is typically measured is called the peak gain at zero degrees viewing axis, and represents the gain value for a viewer seated along a line perpendicular to the screen's viewing surface. The gain value represents the ratio of brightness of the screen relative to a set standard (in this case, a sheet of magnesium carbonate Magnesium carbonate, (archaic name magnesia alba), is an inorganic salt that is a colourless or white solid. Several hydrated and basic forms of magnesium carbonate also exist as minerals. Forms The most common magnesium carbonate forms are ...). Screens with a higher brightness than this standard are rated with a gain higher than 1.0, while screens with lower brightness are rated from 0.0 to 1.0. Since a projection screen is designed to scatter the impinging light back to the viewers, the scattering can eit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gain (singer)
Son Ga-in (; born September 20, 1987), known mononymously as Gain, is a South Korean singer, actress and entertainer, best known as a member of the South Korean girl group Brown Eyed Girls. Having debuted with her home group earlier in 2006, Gain eventually made her solo debut in October 2010 with '' Step 2/4'' to great commercial success, and has since released a total of six extended plays. In addition to her musical career, the singer also appeared in several native programs and series, most notably ''We Got Married'' and '' All My Love'', where she co-starred alongside 2AM's Jo Kwon. Career 2005–2009: Brown Eyed Girls and solo projects Son Ga-In was noticed by the existing members of Brown Eyed Girls after she was eliminated during auditions for the popular South Korean reality series, ''Let's Coke Play! Battle Shinhwa!'' She was approached by composer Ahn Jung-hoon and invited to audition at Brown Eyed Girls' company, eventually joining the group. The four members pe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Global Appraisal Of Individual Needs
The Global Appraisal of Individual Needs (GAIN) is a family of evidence-based instruments used to assist clinicians with diagnosis, placement, and treatment planning. The GAIN is used with both adolescents and adults in all kinds of treatment programs, including outpatient, intensive outpatient, partial hospitalization, methadone, short-term residential, long-term residential, therapeutic community, and correctional programs. Cormier, G., Jackson-Gilfort, A., Godley, S.H., Hervis, O.E., Parks, G.A., Savery, P., Triplett, E. (2008). Evidence-Based Practice for Adolescent Substance Abuse: A Primer for Providers and Families, p. 10, accessed 2011-01-11. History The GAIN was developed to respond to the needs of substance abuse treatment personnel who are faced with the demands of assessing, documenting, treating, and ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
CalWORKs
The California Work Opportunities and Responsibility to Kids (CalWORKs) program is the California welfare implementation of the federal welfare-to-work Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) program that provides cash aid and services to eligible needy California families. Eligibility and Benefits CalWORKs provides cash aid to parents, as well as a variety of services intended to help them find and prepare for employment. The most current requirements, and application instructions, can be found on thCDSS CalWORKs website the main requirements are: * residing in California, * being either pregnant or responsible for a child under 19 years of age, * being a U.S. national, citizen, legal alien, or permanent resident, * having low or very low income and other resources, and * being either under-employed (working for very low wages), unemployed, or about to become unemployed. To receive benefits, parents must fulfill requirements such as working 30 hours per week and/or appl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
